Associations of Psychological Capital, Coping Style and Emotional Intelligence with Self-Rated Health Status of College Students in China During COVID-19 Pandemic

Figures & data

Table 1 Associations of Self-Rated Health, Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Capital and Coping Style with Demographic Variables in College Students (Mean ± SD)

Variable	N	Self-Rated Health	Emotional Intelligence	Psychological Capital	Coping Style
Sex
Male	88	335.31±50.54	46.05±6.09	107.24±16.86	0.77±0.64
Female	279	335.76±42.65	44.91±4.77	102.72±15.99	0.83±0.61
t		−0.076	1.816	2.283*	−0.824
Having Siblings
No	61	342.56±44.09	46.70±5.18	109.21±16.13	0.90±0.69
Yes	306	334.27±44.64	44.88±5.08	102.72±16.14	0.80±0.60
t		1.326	2.558*	2.869**	1.226
Birthplace
Urban	104	338.42±45.90	46.39±4.69	106.38±16.08	0.81±0.63
Suburban	41	342.34±43.23	45.02±5.94	104.44±16.59	1.00±0.65
Rural	222	333.12±44.60	44.64±5.09	102.47±16.25	0.78±0.61
F		1.021	4.216*	2.089	2.19
Online surfing time
<3h	88	342.00±43.59	45.72±5.28	107.90±16.44	0.89±0.65
3–6 h	178	338.27±42.50	45.35±5.15	104.53±14.83	0.82±0.59
>6 h	101	325.50±47.72	44.43±4.92	98.95±17.53	0.74±0.65
F		3.872*	1.67	7.708**	1.237

Note: *P<0.05, **P< 0.01.

Table 2 Pearson Correlations Between Health Status, Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Capital and Coping Style in College Students (N = 367)

Variable	Mean	SD	Self-Rated Health	Emotional Intelligence	Psychological Capital	Coping Style
Self-rated health	335.65	44.60	1
Emotional intelligence	45.18	5.13	0.50**	1
Psychological capital	103.80	16.29	0.63**	0.65**	1
Coping style	0.82	0.62	0.50**	0.35**	0.42**	1

Note: **p< 0.01.

Table 3 Effect of Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Capital and Coping Style on Self-Rated Health in College Students

Variable	β	p value	Tolerance	VIF
Model 1
Sex	0.056	0.146	0.961	1.040
Having siblings	0.024	0.527	0.964	1.037
Emotional intelligence	0.170	0.001	0.546	1.830
Psychological capital	0.419	<0.001	0.524	1.909
Coping style	0.250	<0.001	0.767	1.304
Adjusted R^2	0.475
Model 2
Sex	0.053	0.176	0.936	1.069
Having siblings	0.024	0.532	0.959	1.043
Emotional intelligence	0.171	0.001	0.543	1.841
Psychological capital	0.415	<0.001	0.501	1.995
Coping style	0.253	<0.001	0.744	1.345
Emotional intelligence × psychological capital	0.053	0.335	0.473	2.114
Emotional intelligence × coping style	−0.071	0.283	0.334	2.993
Psychological capital × coping style	−0.015	0.799	0.404	2.476
Adjusted R^2	0.474
ΔR^2	0.003	0.517
Model 3
Sex	0.051	0.194	0.935	1.070
Having siblings	0.028	0.476	0.957	1.045
Emotional intelligence	0.218	<0.001	0.450	2.224
Psychological capital	0.428	<0.001	0.495	2.022
Coping style	0.289	<0.001	0.636	1.573
Emotional intelligence × psychological capital	0.068	0.217	0.464	2.154
Emotional intelligence × coping style	−0.061	0.354	0.332	3.009
Psychological capital × coping style	−0.018	0.757	0.404	2.478
Emotional intelligence × psychological capital × coping style	−0.112	0.045	0.457	2.186
Adjusted R^2	0.478
ΔR^2	0.006	0.045

Table 4 Mediating Effect of Psychological Capital and Coping Style on Emotional Intelligence and Self-Rated Health

Mediating Variable	Emotional Intelligence (a)	Self-Rated Health (b)	Total Effect (c)	Direct Effect (c’)	Indirect Effect (ab) (95% CI)	Percentage (ab/c) %
Psychological capital	2.05***	1.36***	4.74***	1.95***	2.79 (2.10,3.51)	58.8
Coping style	0.05***	24.41***	4.74***	3.50***	1.24 (0.86,1.66)	26.1

Notes: ***P<0.001; a, the effect of the independent variable on mediating variable; b, the effect of mediating variable on self-rated health; c, the total effect of the independent variable on self-rated health; c’, the direct effect of the independent variable on self-rated health after the introduction of mediating variable; a × b, the mediating effect of mediating variable between emotional intelligence and self-rated health.

Figure 1 Interaction of emotional intelligence, psychological capital and coping style in self-rated health. Blue line represents the individuals with high psychological capital and coping style; grey line represents those with high psychological capital but low coping style; tangerine line represents low psychological capital but high coping style; and orange line represents low psychological capital and coping style.