Does Early Parental Conflict Impact Current Depression Among Older Adults in Rural China? A Chain-Mediated Model Analysis

Figures & data

Table 1 Descriptive Statistics for the Main Variables and Covariates

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. Age	1
2. Family economic level	0.036	1
3. Health status	0.040	0.110***	1
4. Early parental conflict	−0.027	0.064**	0.066**	1
5. Current depression	−0.044*	0.154***	0.393***	0.095***	1
6. Parent-child relationships	−0.015	−0.034	−0.184***	−0.092***	−0.246***	1
7. Marital relationships	0.012	−0.039	−0.179***	−0.137***	−0.297***	0.402***	1
Mean / %	67.266	9.311%^a	3.054	4.171	19.032	3.59 0	3.396
SD	5.577	–	1.033	1.528	6.661	0.712	0.811

Notes: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ^aPercentage of low-income households.

Table 2 Model Fitting Indices Based on Three Samples

Fit indexes	χ^2	df	p	RMSEA	NFI	CFI	EVCI
Older adults	295.215	42	0.000	0.051	0.939	0.950	0.152
Older males	501.643	102	0.000	0.060	0.912	0.914	0.242
Older females	439.786	102	0.000	0.064	0.906	0.908	0.321

Table 3 Bootstrap Confidence Intervals and Effect Sizes of the Direct and Indirect Effects

Effects	Total			Male			Female
	Estimate	95% CI	P	Estimate	95% CI	P	Estimate	95% CI	P
Direct effects
1. EPC-CD	0.036	[0.000, 0.072]	0.085	0.074	[0.024, 0.123]	0.009	−0.019	[−0.068, 0.034]	0.547
Indirect effects
1. EPC-MR-CD	0.029	[0.019, 0.039]	0.001	0.005	[0.000, 0.011]	0.075	0.065	[0.046, 0.086]	0.001
2. EPC-MR-PR-CD	0.006	[0.003, 0.009]	0.001	0.004	[0.001, 0.008]	0.043	0.013	[0.007, 0.019]	0.001

Abbreviations: EPC, early parental conflict; CD, current depression; MR, marital relationships; PR, parent-child relationships.

Figure 1 Mediation model of the path from early parental conflict to depression among older adults.

Note: ***p < 0.001.

Figure 2 Mediation model of the path from early parental conflict to depression among older males.

Note: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

Figure 3 Mediation model of the path from early parental conflict to depression among older females.

Note: ***p < 0.001.

Table 4 Fitting Indices of the Multiple-Group Analysis Model

Fit indexes	χ^2	df	p	RMSEA	NFI	CFI	EVCI
M1	340.540	84	0.000	0.037	0.928	0.945	0.215
M2	344.752	88	0.000	0.036	0.927	0.945	0.214
M3	550.263	101	0.000	0.045	0.901	0.913	0.294

Table 5 Critical Ratios of Path Coefficients in the Multiple-Group Analysis Model

Path	Male	Female	CRD
1. EPC-CD	0.074**	−0.019	2.195*
2. EPC-MR	−0.059*	−0.232***	4.526***
3. MR-PR	0.481***	0.336***	5.802***
4. MR-CD	−0.081*	−0.281**	3.534***
5. PR-CD	−0.128***	−0.161***	0.756

Notes: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

Abbreviations: EPC, early parental conflict; CD, current depression; MR, marital relationships; PR, parent-child relationships.