Adapting to Lockdown: Exploring Stress Coping Strategies on Short Video Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Figures & data

Table 1 Descriptive of Sample

	Frequency	Percentage %
Gender
Male	931	59.3
Female	638	40.7
Age
Below 18	25	1.6
18 to 25	426	27.2
26 to 30	557	35.5
31 to 40	421	26.8
41 to 50	114	7.3
51 and up	26	1.6
Education
Middle School	31	2
High School	226	14.4
College	1005	64.1
Postgraduate and above	307	19.6
Length of Lockdown
1 week - 1 month	467	29.8
1 month - 2 months	691	44
Above 2 months	411	26.2
Social Media Platforms
Douyin (TikTok China)	1266	80.7
Xiaohongshu (Red)	1324	84.4
BiliBili	1264	80.6
Kuaishou (Kwai China)	1061	67.6
Other video platforms	1278	81.5

Table 2 Measurement Items

	Mean	SD	Loading
Anxiety during lockdown (Cronbach’s α = 0.958, CR = 0.966, AVE = 0.80)
1. Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge.	4.86	1.68	0.88
2. Not being able to stop or control worrying.	4.66	1.67	0.90
3. Worrying too much about different things.	4.77	1.64	0.91
4. Trouble relaxing	4.72	1.65	0.89
5. Being so restless that it is hard to sit still.	4.66	1.67	0.91
6. Becoming easily annoyed or irritable	4.57	1.73	0.88
7. Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen.	4.6	1.71	0.89
Overall Coping (Cronbach’s α = 0.941, CR = 0.950, AVE = 0.654)
Emotion-focused coping (Cronbach’s α = 0.895, CR = 0.923, AVE = 0.705)
1. While watching, you can forget that you and your family and friends are under lockdown.	5.01	1.48	0.85
2. While watching videos, you can escape from what you are doing.	5.12	1.41	0.84
3. When you have nothing better to do, you watch videos.	5.19	1.40	0.86
4. Watching videos gives you something to do to occupy your time.	5.28	1.33	0.83
5. Watching videos relaxes you.	5.21	1.35	0.82
Problem-focused coping (Cronbach’s α = 0.899, CR = 0.925, AVE = 0.712)
1. Watching videos can enrich your life during the lockdown.	5.27	1.32	0.84
2. Watching videos can reduce your fear of COVID.	5.18	1.37	0.84
3. Watching videos can help you solve life problems during the lockdown.	5.21	1.37	0.85
4. Watching videos helps you gain new knowledge.	5.30	1.30	0.84
5. Watching videos can help you stay healthy during the lockdown.	5.28	1.32	0.86

Abbreviations: CR, Composite Reliability; AVE, Average Variance Extracted.

Figure 1 The overall estimated model.

Notes: Model fit: SRMR = 0.061; β = standardized path coefficients; R2= coefficient of determination; solid line indicated significant path coefficient; ***p < 0.001. **p < 0.01.

Table 3 Multi-Group Analysis Based on Lockdown Duration via Either EPC or PFC

Path	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
	1 Week To 1 Month	1 Month to 2 Months	Above 2 Months
Model via Emotion-focused coping (EFC)
Anxiety → EFC	0.487***^a	0.610***^b	0.446***^a
Anxiety → Entertainment viewing time change	0.140**	0.178***	0.104*
Anxiety → Information viewing time change	0.059	0.054	0.140**
Anxiety → Interaction frequency change	0.054	−0.088	0.064
EFC → Entertainment viewing time change	0.586***	0.502***	0.558***
EFC → Information viewing time change	0.596***	0.611***	0.524***
EFC → Interaction frequency change	0.200***	0.222***	0.184**
Model via Problem-focused coping (PFC)
Anxiety → PFC	0.343***^a	0.544***^c	0.417***
Anxiety → Entertainment viewing time change	0.232***	0.205***	0.121**
Anxiety → Information viewing time change	0.155***	0.096*	0.155***
Anxiety → Interaction frequency change	0.085^a	−0.088^b	0.038
PFC → Entertainment viewing time change	0.562***	0.512***	0.556***
PFC → Information viewing time change	0.563***	0.657***^a	0.525***^b
PFC → Interaction frequency change	0.196***	0.249***	0.262***

Notes: Standardized path coefficients were reported, significant differences indicated by superscript ^{a, b}p <0.05; ^{a, c}p <0.01; ***p < 0.001. **p < 0.01. *p < 0.05.