Psychometric and Circumplex Properties Evaluation of the International Personality Item Pool-Interpersonal Circumplex (IPIP-IPC) in Chinese People Living with HIV (PLWH)

Figures & data

Figure 1 The interpersonal circumplex model.

Figure 2 CFA model of IPIP-IPC.

Abbreviations: PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Figure 3 CFA model for IPIP-IPC with two-dimensional angular characteristics of the circumplex structure.

Abbreviations: DOM, Dominance; LOV, Warmth; PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Table 1 Participants Characteristics (N = 3040)

Characteristics	N (%), M ± SD
Region
Beijing	517 (17.0)
Shanghai	444 (14.6)
Nanning	505 (16.6)
Shenzhen	469 (15.4)
Kunming	460 (15.1)
Baoshan	604 (19.8)
Jiaxing	41 (1.3)
Sex
Male	2401 (78.9)
Female	639 (21.0)
Age	40.51 ± 12.53
Ethnicity
Han	2564 (84.3)
Minority	476 (15.6)
Religious Beliefs
None	2870 (94.4)
Yes	170 (5.5)
Education Level
Primary School or Below	518 (17.0)
Junior High School	700 (23.0)
Technical Secondary School or High School	568 (18.6)
College or Undergraduate	1132 (37.2)
Master’s Degree or Above	122 (4.0)
Marital Status
Unmarried	1489 (48.9)
Married	1134 (37.3)
Divorced	292 (9.6)
Widowed	125 (4.1)
Occupation
Stable Occupation	1103 (32.9)
Self-employed	1455 (47.8)
Unemployed/Retired	515 (16.9)
Student	67 (2.2)
Monthly Income
Below 2500 yuan	1035 (34.0)
2500–5000	890 (29.2)
Above 5000 yuan	1115 (36.6)
Time of HIV Infection Diagnosis (months)	77.41 ± 60.65
Time of ART Initiation (months)	71.89 ± 54.07
Transmission Route
Blood Transmission	245 (8.0)
Same-sex Sexual Behavior	1053 (34.6)
Heterosexual Behavior	988 (32.5)
Bisexual Behavior	59 (1.9)
Mother-to-Child Transmission	26 (0.8)
Unknown	669 (22.0)
CD4^+ T Lymphocyte Count (/μL)	492.01 ± 279.70
Viral Load
Undetectable	2349 (77.2)
Detectable	691 (22.7)
Presence of Other Complications or Comorbidities
Yes	562 (18.4)
No	2478 (81.5)
Interests and Hobbies
Yes	1607 (52.8)
No	1433 (47.1)
Living Situation
Living Alone	1235 (40.6)
Not Living Alone	1805 (59.3)

Abbreviations: N (%), percentage of the full sample; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; ART, Antiretroviral Therapy.

Table 2 Distribution of Total Interpersonal Personality Variance

Percentage	Summed Variances
0%	0
25%	3.58
50%	5.5
75%	8.67
90%	12.25
100%	36

Table 3 Internal Consistency Index of the Chinese Version of IPIP-IPC (N = 2741)

Dimension	Cronbach’s Alpha	McDonald’s Omega
PA	0.72	0.76
BC	0.81	0.83
DE	0.53	0.60
FG	0.72	0.77
HI	0.63	0.65
JK	0.67	0.70
LM	0.73	0.77
NO	0.72	0.77
Dominance	0.43	0.84
Warmth	0.72	0.89
Total scale	0.85	0.91

Abbreviations: PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Table 4 Spearman Correlation Coefficient Matrix of Interpersonal Personality on Single Dimension (N = 2741)

	PA	BC	DE	FG	HI	JK	LM	NO
PA	1
BC	0.396**	1
DE	0.171**	0.436**	1
FG	−0.219**	0.015	0.337**	1
HI	−0.219**	−0.042*	0.253**	0.698**	1
JK	−0.014	−0.213**	0.104**	0.397**	0.480**	1
LM	0.358**	−0.101**	−0.002	0.107**	0.170**	0.545**	1
NO	0.621**	0.123**	0.019	−0.200**	−0.107**	0.177**	0.535**	1

Notes: p < 0.05*; p < 0.01**.

Abbreviations: PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Figure 4 Spearman correlation coefficients for interpersonal personality on single dimension (N = 2741).

Abbreviations: PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Figure 5 CFA model for IPIP-IPC (with unstandardized estimates).

Abbreviations: PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Figure 6 CFA model for IPIP-IPC with two-dimensional angular characteristics of the circumplex structure (with unstandardized estimates).

Abbreviations: DOM, Dominance; LOV, Warmth; PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Table 5 Spearman Correlation Coefficients Between IPIP-IPC and PHQ-4

Negative Emotions	PA	BC	DE	FG	HI	JK	LM	NO
Anxiety	−0.046*	0.033	0.019	0.115**	0.063**	0.011	−0.021	−0.141**
Depression	−0.075**	0.016	0.058**	0.157**	0.111**	0.028	−0.025	−0.167**
Total Scale	−0.065**	0.025	0.039*	0.144**	0.094**	0.024	−0.023	−0.165**

Notes: p < 0.05*; p < 0.01**.

Abbreviations: PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Table 6 Spearman Correlation Coefficients Between IPIP-IPC and SCSQ

Coping Strategies	PA	BC	DE	FG	HI	JK	LM	NO
Active coping	0.218**	−0.011	0.026	0.010	−0.031	0.166**	0.320**	0.248**
Passive coping	0.148**	0.061**	0.111**	0.098**	0.041*	0.138**	0.189**	0.087**

Notes: p < 0.05*; p < 0.01**.

Abbreviations: PA, Assured-Dominant; BC, Arrogant-Calculating; DE, Cold-Hearted; FG, Aloof-Introverted; HI, Unassured-Submissive; JK, Unassuming-Ingenuous; LM, Warm-Agreeable; NO, Gregarious-Extraverted.

Table 7 IPIP–IPC Structural Summary for PHQ-4 Scales

Profile	Elevation	Amplitude	Displacement	Fit
Anxiety	0.01 (−0.01, 0.03)	0.10 (0.07, 0.13)	233.0 (218.5, 246.3)	0.863
Depression	0.02 (−0.00, 0.04)	0.13 (0.11, 0.16)	238.2 (227.9, 247.2)	0.936
Total	0.02 (−0.01, 0.04)	0.12 (0.09, 0.15)	236.0 (224.7, 246.4)	0.908

Figure 7 Amplitude and angular displacement confidence intervals (circumplex plots) for interpersonal personalities profiles of PHQ-4 scales.

Table 8 IPIP–IPC Structural Summary for SCSQ Scales

Profile	Elevation	Amplitude	Displacement	Fit
Active coping	0.12 (0.10, 0.15)	0.16 (0.13, 0.18)	21.0 (11.0, 30.2)	0.824
Passive coping	0.12 (0.09, 0.14)	0.03 (0.01, 0.06)	1.5 (306.2, 48.9)	0.275

Figure 8 Amplitude and angular displacement confidence intervals (circumplex plots) for interpersonal personalities profiles of SCSQ scales.

Note: The dotted lines indicate low prototypicality (R² < 0.70).