Perceived Overload on Short Video Platforms and Its Influence on Mental Health Among the Elderly: A Moderated Mediation Model

Figures & data

Figure 1 The conceptual framework of the moderated mediation model.

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics

Socio-Demographic Characteristics	Mean ± SD / n (%)
Age	70.65 ± 6.40
Gender (female)
Male	596 (49.3%)
Female	613 (50.7%)
Marital Status
Single	26 (2.2%)
Married	1031 (85.3%)
Divorced	48 (4.0%)
Widowed	104 (8.6%)
Income level
No salary	345 (28.5%)
0–2000 CN ¥	397 (32.8%)
2001–3000 CN ¥	238 (19.7%)
3001–5000 CN ¥	123 (10.2%)
More than 5000 CN ¥	106 (8.8%)
Education level
Illiterate	180 (14.9%)
Primary education	385 (31.8%)
Secondary education	458 (37.9%)
Higher education	186 (15.4%)
Occupation
Retired	258 (21.3%)
Self-employed	329 (27.2%)
Unemployed	307 (25.4%)
Other	315 (26.1%)

Table 2 Means (M), Standard Deviations (SD), and Results of Correlation Analysis

Variable	Mean ± SD	PO	LONE	MH	CFT	Skewness	Kurtosis
Perceived Overload	5.58 ± 1.65	1				−0.500	−0.371
Loneliness	5.96 ± 1.03	0.249***	1			−0.544	−0.411
Mental Health	6.03 ± 1.01	0.152***	0.379***	1		0.206	−0.814
Confucianism Tenet	5.09 ± 1.24	0.480***	0.169***	0.084**	1	0.710	−0.572

Notes: N = 1209, ***p<0.001, **p<0.01.

Abbreviations: PO, Perceived Overload; LONE, Loneliness; MH, Mental Health; CFT, Confucianism Tenet.

Table 3 The Mediating Role of Loneliness in the Relationship Between Perceived Overload and Mental Health

	B	Boot SE	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI	Relative Effect
Total effect	0.09	0.02	0.06	0.12	100%
Direct effect	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.07	44.4%
Indirect effect	0.05	0.01	0.04	0.07	55.6%

Table 4 Results for the Moderating Effect of Level of Confucianism Tenet on Perceived Overload and Mental Health

Predictors	Model 1 (On loneliness)					Model 2 (On Mental Health)
	B	SE	t	LLCI	ULCI	B	SE	t	LLCI	ULCI
Perceived overload	0.16	0.02	7.32	0.12	0.20	0.07	0.02	3.30	0.03	0.11
Loneliness						0.36	0.03	13.33	0.31	0.41
Confucianism tenet	0.05	0.03	1.92	−0.01	0.10	−0.02	0.02	−0.70	−0.07	0.03
Interaction 1	0.04	0.01	2.53	0.01	0.07	0.04	0.01	2.69	0.01	0.07
Interaction 2						0.06	0.02	2.85	0.02	0.11
R^2	0.07					0.16
F	30.27***					46.41***

Notes: ***p<0.001, Interaction 1, Perceived overload * Confucianism tenet; Interaction 2, Loneliness * Confucianism tenet.

Table 5 The Moderating Effect of Confucianism Tenet Between Perceived Overload and Loneliness

Confucianism Tenet	B	Boot SE	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI
M-1SD	0.11	0.02	0.07	0.16
M	0.16	0.02	0.12	0.20
M+1SD	0.21	0.03	0.14	0.27

Table 6 The Moderating Effect of Confucianism Tenet Between Perceived Overload and Mental Health

Confucianism Tenet	B	Boot SE	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI
M-1SD	0.28	0.04	0.21	0.35
M	0.36	0.03	0.31	0.41
M+1SD	0.44	0.04	0.36	0.52

Figure 2 The Moderating Effect of Confucianism Tenet on Perceived Overload and Loneliness.

Figure 3 The Moderating Effect of Confucianism on Loneliness and Mental Health.

Table 7 The Conditional Process Analysis Shows the Indirect Effects at Three Levels of Confucianism Tenet

Different Levels of the Moderator	B	Boot SE	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI
Low Confucianism Tenet	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.05
Moderate Confucianism Tenet	0.06	0.01	0.04	0.08
High Confucianism Tenet	0.09	0.02	0.05	0.14