The Effect of Peer Relationships on Adolescent Loneliness: The Role of Psychological Resilience and the OXTR Gene

Figures & data

Table 1 Analysis of Variance of OXTR Gene rs53576 Polymorphism in Peer Relationships, Psychological Resilience, and Loneliness

Variables	A/A	G/A	G/G
Loneliness	21.13±7.73	21.16±7.60	20.75±7.98
Peer relationships	66.92±12.26	68.69±12.64	68.55±12.79
Psychological resilience	27.62±8.70	28.82±7.84	29.19±8.33
F	0.08	1.50	1.86
p	0.93	0.22	0.16

Table 2 Descriptive Statistics and Correlation Analysis Between Peer Relationships, Psychological Resilience, and Loneliness

Variables	Peer Relationship	Psychological Resilience	Loneliness
Peer relationship	1
Psychological resilience	0.41**	1
Loneliness	−0.40**	−0.40**	1
M ± SD	67.88 ± 12.50	28.31 ± 8.30	21.11 ± 7.69

Note: **p < 0.01.

Table 3 The Effect of Peer Relationships on Adolescent Loneliness: The Mediation of Psychological Resilience and the Moderation of rs53576 Polymorphism in the OXTR Gene

Variables	Model 1 (Dependent Variable: Loneliness)				Model 2 (Dependent Variable: Psychological Resilience)				Model 2 (Dependent Variable: Loneliness)
	β	t	p	95% CI	β	t	p	95% CI	β	t	p	95% CI
Gender	0.25	3.40**	< 0.01	[0.10,0.39]	−0.36	4.91***	<0.001	[−0.50,-0.21]	0.25	3.48***	< 0.01	[0.11, 0.39]
X	−0.30	−7.72***	< 0.001	[−0.38, −0.23]	0.55	10.07***	< 0.001	[0.44, 0.66]	−0.31	−7.89***	< 0.001	[−0.39,-0.23]
W1					0.10	1.26	0.21	[−0.05, 0.24]	0.08	1.01	0.31	[−0.07, 0.22]
W2					0.14	1.09	0.28	[−0.11, 0.38]	0.08	0.66	0.51	[−0.16, 0.32]
XW1					−0.22	−2.86	0.004	[−0.37, −0.07]
XW2					−0.23	−1.90	0.06	[−0.47, 0.01]
M	−0.26	−6.56***	< 0.001	[−0.34,-0.18]					−0.21	−3.93***	< 0.001	[−0.32,-0.11]
M*W1									−0.04	−0.57	0.57	[−0.19, 0.10]
M*W2									−0.29	−2.35*	0.019	[−0.52, −0.05]
R^2	0.24				0.21				0.25
F	63.777***				27.56***				28.41***

Notes: X = peer relationships; W1 = GA vs AA; W2 = GG vs AA; XW1 is the interaction term between peer relationships and rs53576 being virtualized as W1; XW2 is the interaction term between peer relationships and rs53576 being virtualized as W2; M = psychological resilience; M*W1 is the interaction term between psychological resilience and rs53576 being virtualized as W1; M*W2 is the interaction term between psychological resilience and rs53576 being virtualized as W2; bolded font indicates the value is significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

Table 4 The Mediating Effects of Psychological Resilience on Different Genotypes

Independent Variable	rs53576 Genotypes	Mediating Effect	Bootstrap SE	95% CI
Peer relationship	A/A	−0.12	0.03	[−0.19, −0.05]
	G/A	−0.08	0.02	[−0.13, −0.04]
	G/G	−0.16	0.07	[−0.29, −0.04]

Figure 1 The simple slope plot between peer relationships and psychological resilience.

Figure 2 The simple plot between psychological resilience and loneliness.