Health-related quality of life among cognitively intact nursing home residents with and without cancer – a 6-year longitudinal study

Figures & data

Table 1 Mixed liner regression analysis for HRQOL among 227 cognitively intact nursing home residents in Bergen, Norway, in 2004–2006 at baseline, 5, and 6 years of follow-up

Predictors	Physical functioning	Role limitations, physical	Bodily pain	General health perceptions	Vitality	Social functioning	Role limitations, emotional	Mental health
	b (95% CI)	b (95% CI)	b (95% CI)	b (95% CI)	b (95% CI)	b (95% CI)	b (95% CI)	b (95% CI)
Intercept	−16.3 (−31.1, −1.5)	−6.6 (−38.9, 27.7)	45.5 (16.7, 66.3)	4.1 (−10.6, 18.7)	1.5 (−13.2, 16.3)	10.7 (−10.2, 31.6)	−11.0 (−39.9, 17.9)	6.5 (−5.9, 18.8)
Sex
Men	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Women	−3.1 (−8.5, 2.4)	−0.3 (−20.9, 1.7)	−10.4 (−19.2, 1.7)	−2.2 (−5.2, 4.8)	1.4 (−3.7, 6.5)	3.1 (−4.2, 10.5)	1.2 (−9.0, 11.5)	0.0 (−4.1, 4.2)
P-value	NS	NS	0.020	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Age (years)
65–74	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
75–84	10.3 (1.8, 18.9)	−5.8 (−21.9, 10.4)	−7.7 (−21.2, 5.9)	2.3 (−5.2, 9.7)	−10.0 (−17.8, −2.1)	1.6 (−9.7, 12.8)	–1.0 (−15.9, 17.0)	−6.7 (−12.8, 0.5)
85–94	4.0 (−4.4, 12.5)	−5.5 (−26.6, 10.7)	−2.3 (−16.6, 11.1)	2.1 (−5.3, 9.5)	−12.6 (−20.3, −5.0)	4.6 (−6.5, 15.8)	–0.5 (−16.4, 15.3)	−4.3 (−10.5, 1.9)
≥95	7.7 (−3.0, 18.3)	−2.7 (−23.9, 25.8)	−3.0 (−20.0, 14.0)	6.6 (−3.0, 16.2)	−14.7 (−24.6, −4.7)	−1.2 (−15.4, 13.0)	1.6 (−18.4, 26.6)	−3.4 (−11.4, 4.6)
P-value	0.040	NS	NS	NS	0.011	NS	NS	NS
Time
Baseline (n = 227)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
5 years (n = 52)	−9.5 (−14.1, −4.8)	−17.6 (−31.0, −8.4)	−0.4 (−9.2, 8.4)	1.0 (−4.8, 6.9)	1.0 (−4.6, 6.5)	−1.7 (−9.2, 5.9)	−5.5 (−15.4, 4.3)	0.5 (−4.5, 4.2)
6 years (n = 18)	−15.6 (−22.5, −8.7)	−11.6 (−31.5, −4.7)	−6.5 (−19.9, 6.8)	9.9 (1.0, 18.8)	−2.9 (−11.3, 5.5)	7.2 (−4.2, 5.8)	−3.9 (−18.8, 21.6)	−3.4 (−11.0, 11.7)
P-value	<0.001	0.023	NS	0.091	0.694	NS	NS	0.051
Cancer
No cancer	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Cancer	−3.7 (−9.1, 1.7)	−4.9 (−14.8, 6.9)	−7.7 (−16.4, 0.9)	−7.9 (−12.9, −3.0)	−4.6 (−9.7, 0.5)	−3.8 (−11.0, 3.4)	−0.3 (−9.8, 10.5)	−1.1 (−5.3, 3.0)
P-value	NS	NS	0.080	0.002	0.076	NS	NS	NS
Groll’s index	−7.0 (0.28, 0.64)	0.8 (4.5, 2.9)	−2.6 (−5.4, 0.1)	0.0 (−1.6, 1.7)	1.0 (−0.7, 2.7)	1.5 (−0.8, 3.8)	−2.4 (−5.6, 0.75)	0.1 (−1.5, 1.3)
P-value	NS	NS	0.062	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
SOC	0.5 (0.3, 0.6)	1.2 (0.8, 1.5)	0.7 (0.4, 1.0)	0.7 (0.6, 0.9)	0.7 (0.5, 0.9)	0.8 (0.6, 3.5)	1.2 (0.9, 1.6)	1.0 (−1.5, 1.1)
P-value	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

Note: Interactions between cancer and time and between sex, Groll’s index (0–18), and cancer were tested, but none were found to be statistically significant.

Abbreviations: NS, not significant; b, regression coefficient; HRQOL, health-related quality of life; CI, confidence interval; SOC, sense of coherence (0–90).