Two-year follow-up study of a group-based diabetes medical nutrition therapy and motivational interviewing intervention among African American women

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinical and dietary self-care outcomes among African American women enrolled in a combined diabetes medical nutrition

Study outcomes	Baseline	2-year follow-up	p-Valuea
HbA1c (%)	10.25 (8.10, 11.72)	8.8 (7.48, 10.22)	0.204
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	142 (134.25, 157.25)	127 (113.5, 143.25)	0.12
BMI (kg/m^2)	40.85 (33.65, 46.55)	41.1 (33.85, 43.1)	1.0
Eat 5 fruits/vegetables (days/week)b	4.0 (3.75, 7.0)	3.5 (2.75, 4.0)	0.04
Eat high-fat foods (days/week)b	3.5 (2.75, 4.25)	3 (2.5, 4.5)	0.89
Space carbohydrates evenly throughout the day (days/week)b	3.0 (3.0, 4.00)	4.0 (1.5, 4.5)	0.89

Notes: All data are medians with 25th and 75th percentile interquartile ranges.

a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to test for significant differences between baseline and 2-year follow-up measures.

b From summary of diabetes self-care activities questionnaire;¹⁰ score range 0–7 days/week.

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.

Table 2 Dietary self-care facilitators and barriers among African American women with type 2 diabetes (n=12)

Emerging semi-structured interview themes	Theme-related Codes
Facilitators	N
Motivation	70
Knowledge gained during intervention	57
Anticipated health benefits	51
Positive peer support	50
Positive family support	39
Positive health care professional support	28
Convenience	25
Barriers
Lack of motivation	67
Inconvenience	54
Competing priorities	49
Finances	44
Problems remembering	39
Lack of knowledge	30
Lack of family support	24
Stress	15
Lack of confidence	13
Lack of peer support	7

ToobertDJHampsonSEGlasgowREThe summary of diabetes self-care activities measure: results from 7 studies and a revised scaleDiabetes Care200023794395010895844

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