Can Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) from Population Surveys Provide Accurate Estimates of Pre-Admission Health Status of Emergency Hospital Admissions?

Figures & data

Table 1 Co-Morbidities Reported in Patient and in the GPPS Questionnaires

Patient Questionnaires	GPPS Questionnaire
Heart disease	Angina or long-term heart problem
Arthritis	Arthritis or long-term joint problem
Lung disease	Asthma or long-term chest problem
Cancer	Cancer in the last 5 years
Diabetes	Diabetes
High blood pressure	High blood pressure
Kidney or Liver disease	Kidney or liver disease
Depression	Long-term mental health problem
Nervous system	Long-term neurological problem

Figure 1 Impact of matching by local authority: comparison of difference in mean EQ-5D between hip arthroplasty patients and population reports (by age and sex).

Table 2 Comparison of Mean EQ-5D (95% CI) of Hip Arthroplasty Patients and Population (Matched for Age, Sex, SES, and Specific Comorbidities)

Patient Characteristic	Patients		Population		Difference in Means (95% CI)
	Number	Mean EQ-5D (SD)	Number	Mean EQ-5D (SD)
Overall	240	0.22 (0.35)	178,691	0.64 (0.24)	0.42 (0.39–0.44)
Sex
Male	80	0.29 (0.35)	56,096	0.55 (0.23)	0.26 (0.21–0.31)
Female	160	0.19 (0.34)	122,632	0.48 (0.24)	0.29 (0.25–0.33)
Age
49 or under	18	0.23 (0.36)	20,186	0.56 (0.25)	0.33 (0.21–0.45)
50–69	101	0.23 (0.36)	88,896	0.50 (0.24)	0.26 (0.21–0.31)
70 and above	121	0.21 (0.33)	69,603	0.50 (0.22)	0.29 (0.25–0.32)
SES
1	21	0.28 (0.34)	16,536	0.57 (0.20)	0.29 (0.21–0.37)
2	42	0.20 (0.38)	38,456	0.51 (0.22)	0.31 (0.24–0.38)
3	65	0.25 (0.36)	54,212	0.54 (0.22)	0.29 (0.27–0.34)
4	62	0.27 (0.33)	36,468	0.48 (0.23)	0.21 (0.15–0.26)
5	49	0.13 (0.33)	33,019	0.47 (0.26)	0.34 (0.27–0.41)
missing	1
Comorbidities
0	22	0.24 (0.38)	72,160	0.73 (0.19)	0.49 (0.41–0.57)
1	79	0.29 (0.35)	76,675	0.62 (0.23)	0.33 (0.28–0.38)
2	70	0.23 (0.34)	23,463	0.51 (0.25)	0.28 (0.22–0.34)
3 or more	49	0.11 (0.34)	6393	0.42 (0.26)	0.31 (0.24–0.38)
missing	20

Figure 2 Impact of matching by specific comorbid condition: comparison of difference in mean EQ-5D between hip arthroplasty patients and population reports (by age and sex).

Table 3 Comparison of Mean EQ-5D (95% CI) of Emergency Laparotomy Patients and Population (Matched for Age, Sex, SES, Local Authority and Specific Comorbidities)

Patient Characteristic	Patients		Population		Difference in Means (95% CI)
	Number	Mean EQ-5D (SD)	Number	Mean EQ-5D (SD)
Overall	252	0.56 (0.40)	374,519	0.72 (0.22)	0.13 (0.10–0.15)
Sex
Male	121	0.62 (0.35)	152,375	0.66 (0.22)	0.04 (0.001–0.08)
Female	131	0.50 (0.43)	219,555	0.65 (0.23)	0.15 (0.11–0.18)
Age
49 or under	62	0.48 (0.46)	186,329	0.72 (0.20)	0.24 (0.19–0.29)
50–69	94	0.52 (0.39)	120,612	0.63 (0.24)	0.11 (0.06–0.16)
70 and above	96	0.66 (0.33)	64,989	0.64 (0.23)	−0.02 (−0.1–0.06) p=0.62*
SES
1	37	0.57 (0.39)	86,250	0.79 (0.21)	0.22 (0.15–0.28)
2	45	0.61 (0.43)	51,128	0.73 (0.21)	0.10 (0.04–0.15)
3	47	0.66 (0.31)	93,699	0.75 (0.21)	0.09 (0.03–0.14)
4	51	0.53 (0.37)	60,014	0.66 (0.25)	0.13 (0.06–0.19)
5	53	0.45 (0.42)	77,103	0.58 (0.27)	0.13 (0.06–0.20)
missing	19
Comorbidities
0	56	0.66 (0.39)	299,449	0.81 (0.16)	0.15 (0.11–0.19)
1	80	0.60 (0.39)	59,163	0.74 (0.23)	0.14 (0.09–0.19)
2	50	0.53 (0.39)	8988	0.60 (0.26)	0.07 (0.002–0.14)
3 or more	62	0.46 (0.39)	4330	0.41 (0.26)	−0.05 (−0.1–0.02) p=0.17*
missing	4

Note: *No significant difference between patients and population.

Table 4 Comparison of Mean EQ-5D (95% CI) of PCI Patients and Population (Matched for Age, Sex, SES, Local Authority and Specific Comorbidities)

Patient Characteristic	Patients		Population		Difference in Means (95% CI)
	Number	Mean EQ-5D (SD)	Number	Mean EQ-5D (SD)
Overall	390	0.79 (0.28)	411,388	0.71 (0.23)	−0.09 (−0.12–0.07)
Sex
Male	305	0.81 (0.28)	339,012	0.67(0.22)	−0.14 (−0.16–0.12)
Female	85	0.74 (0.29)	72,376	0.59 (0.26)	−0.15 (−0.21–0.09)
Age
49 or under	60	0.76 (0.36)	90,926	0.64 (0.21)	−0.12 (−0.17–0.07)
50–69	219	0.80 (0.28)	270,628	0.67 (0.23)	−0.13 (−0.16–0.10)
70 and above	111	0.80 (0.23)	49,834	0.68 (0.24)	−0.13 (−0.17–0.09)
SES
1	69	0.85 (0.20)	90,276	0.72 (0.20)	−0.13 (−0.18–0.08)
2	60	0.83 (0.22)	96,405	0.75 (0.23)	−0.08 (−0.14–0.02)
3	90	0.79 (0.23)	81,817	0.69(0.23)	−0.10 (−0.15–0.05)
4	93	0.73 (0.37)	87,157	0.65(0.24)	−0.08 (−0.13–0.03)
5	55	0.77 (0.34)	47,536	0.61 (0.27)	−0.16 (−0.23–0.09)
missing	23
Comorbidities
0	57	0.90 (0.16)	311,228	0.83 (0.17)	−0.07(−0.11–0.03)
1	109	0.88 (0.18)	75,761	0.75 (0.20)	−0.013(−0.17–0.09)
2	94	0.81 (0.26)	17,722	0.71(0.24)	−0.10 (−0.15–0.05)
3 or more	129	0.66 (0.35)	6677	0.45 (0.26)	−0.21 (−0.28–0.14)
missing	1