Perceived threat and benefit toward community compliance of filariasis’ mass drug administration in Pekalongan district, Indonesia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Selection of the subject.

Table 1 Characteristics of study subjects in Pekalongan district, Indonesia, 2017

Characteristics	n=600	%
Gender
Male	190	31.7
Female	410	68.3
Education
Not graduated elementary school	82	13.7
Graduated elementary school	247	41.5
Graduated junior high school	155	25.8
Graduated senior high school	102	17.0
college	14	2.3
Occupation
Unemployed, housewives, students	237	39.5
Labor	209	34.8
Merchant	57	9.5
Tailor	23	3.8
Entrepreneur	22	3.7
Private employees	18	3.0
Fishermen	10	1.7
Retired	5	0.8
Builder	4	0.8
Others	15	2.6
Marital status
Married	493	82.2
Death divorced	19	3.2
Divorced	9	1.5
Single	79
Age
Mean	38.8
Median	38.0
Standard deviation	13.74
Minimum	15
Maximum	85
Length of stay
Mean	34.2
Median	32.0
Standard deviation	16.28
Minimum	1
Maximum	85

Table 2 Community perceived toward filariasis in Pekalongan district, Indonesia, 2017

Perceived	n=600	%
Perceived susceptibility LF can affect everybody
Agree	529	88.2
Disagree	71	11.8
Subject feels the chances of contracting with LF
Agree	467	77.8
Disagree	133	22.3
Subject feels the necessity of taking LF medicine
Agree	526	87.7
Disagree	74	12.3
Subject feels the necessity of taking medicine despite not being sick
Agree	520	86.7
Disagree	80	13.3
Perceived susceptibility
Poor	164	27.3
Good	436	72.7
Perceived severity LF is severe disease
Agree	568	94.7
Disagree	32	5.3
Feeling of will have trouble if infected
Agree	556	92.7
Disagree	44	7.3
LF causes embarrassment socially
Agree	562	6.3
Disagree	38	93.7
LF causes shunned
Agree	507	84.5
Disagree	93	5.5
LF causes ugly appearance
Agree	563	93.8
Disagree	37	6.2
Perceived severity
Poor	116	19.3
Good	484	80.7
Perceived benefits MDA may prevent LF
Agree	565	94.2
Disagree	35	5.8
With MDA, no need to worry of contracting LF
Agree	486	89.0
Disagree	114	19.0
Taking DEC from health officer protects from LF
Agree	517	86.2
Disagree	83	13.8
Once a year medication is enough to protect from LF
Agree	521	86.8
Disagree	79	13.2
Perceived benefit
Poor	139	23.2
Good	461	76.8
Perceived barriers
Subject will experience health problems when taking medicine
Agree	181	30.2
Disagree	419	69.8
Subject experiences difficulty in visiting DEC distribution center
Agree	101	16.8
Disagree	499	83.2
Subject experiences difficulty in swallowing DEC
Agree	113	18.8
Disagree	487	81.2
Family forbids subject to take the medicine
Yes	102	17.0
No	498	83.0
Perceived barrier
Poor	211	35.2
Good	389	64.8
Internal cues
Subject feels experiencing LF sign/symptom
Yes	118	19.7
no	482	80.3
Subject feels the need to overcome LF by taking medicine
Yes	488	81.3
no	112	18.7
Subject feels the need to overcome LF by taking medicine
Yes	534	89.0
no	66	11.0
Internal cues
Yes	500	83.3
no	100	16.7
External cues
Elimination officers remind subject to take the medicine
Yes	542	90.3
No	58	9.7
Subjects often get information on MDA
Yes	373	62.2
No	227	37.8
Subjects know LF patients who rejects to take the medicine
Yes	224	62.7
No	376	37.3
Recommendation of community leader to take the medicine
Yes	459	76.5
No	141	23.5
External cues
Yes	199	33.2
No	401	66.8

Abbreviations: LF, lymphatic filariasis; MDA, mass drug administration; DEC, diethylcarbamazine citrate.

Table 3 Factors related to compliance in taking DEC toward mass drug administration in Pekalongan district, Indonesia, 2017

Variables	Noncompliance		Compliance		P-value
	n=124	%	n=369	%
Gender
Male	39	26.7	107	73.3	0.605
Female	85	24.5	262	75.5
Marital status
Married	105	24.4	308	74.6	0.480
Death divorce	3	23.1	10	76.9
Divorce	0	0.0	7	100.0
Single	16	26.7	44	73.3
Experiencing LF
Yes	0	0.0	9	100.0	0.079
No	124	25.6	360	74.4
Family experiencing LF
Yes	0	0.0	3	100.0	0.314
no	124	25.2	366	74.7
Role of elimination officer
Not optimum	85	34.4	162	65.6	<0.0001
Optimum	39	15.9	207	84.1
Perceived susceptibility
Poor	49	40.5	72	59.5	<0.0001
Good	75	20.2	297	79.8
Perceived severity
Poor	37	42.0	51	58.0	<0.0001
Good	87	21.5	318	78.5
Perceived benefits
Poor	45	42.1	62	57.9	<0.0001
Good	79	20.5	307	79.5
Perceived barriers
Poor	74	45.4	89	54.6	<0.0001
Good	50	12.5	280	87.5
Internal cues to action
Yes	34	51.5	32	48.5	<0.0001
no	90	21.1	337	78.9
External cues to action
Yes	76	23.0	255	77.0	0.109
no	48	29.6	114	70.4

Abbreviations: DEC, diethylcarbamazine citrate; LF, lymphatic filariasis.

Table 4 Summary of bivariate and multivariate analyses

Factors	Crude OR	95% CI of crude OR	Adjusted OR	95% CI of adjusted OR
Perceived susceptibility	2.695	1.731 –4.195	1.363	0.784–2.367
Perceived severity	2.652	1.632–4.308	2.454	1.374–4.383
Perceived benefits	2.821	1.787–4.453	1.950	1.158–3.283
Perceived barriers	4.656	3.026–7.164	4.875	3.065–7.756
Internal cues to action	3.978	2.328–6.799	3.628	1.955–6.733