Health Insurance and Long-Term Care Services for the Disabled Elderly in China: Based on CHARLS Data

Figures & data

Figure 1 The scale of disability in the elderly over 65 in China from 2003–2016(unit:10,000).

Note: Drew based on the data from “China population yearbook”.

Table 1 Descriptive Univariate Information in the 2015 CHARLS Data

Factors	All (n = 7787) % (Mean)	Urban (n = 3945) % (Mean)	Rural (n = 3842) % (Mean)
Dependent variables
a) Availability of social care
Mild satisfied or not	68.592	65.964	71.508
Highly satisfied	31.408	34.036	28.492
b) Availability of health care
No	2.021	2.001	1.938
Informal source	75.613	72.783	80.797
Formal source	22.366	25.216	17.265
Independent variables
a) Gender
1) Male	41.556	44.87	37.932
2) Female	58.444	55.13	62.068
b) Family Income (RMB Yuan)
<50,000	21.041	15.158	27.450
50,000–150,000	30.418	26.745	34.418
150,000–300,000	33.485	40.414	25.941
>300,000	15.056	17.683	12.191
c) Education
0 years	54.538	49.515	60.031
1-9 years	20.550	24.391	16.341
10+ years	24.912	26.094	23.628
d) Living arrangements
With family	72.441	72.200	72.708
Alone	12.103	11.219	13.091
In rest homes (or sanatoriums)	15.456	16.581	14.201
e) Health insurance
Generous	19.327	31.559	6.292
Moderate	74.917	60.826	89.932
No	5.756	7.615	3.776

Table 2 Availability of LTC Services by Health Insurance (Weighted Percentages)

	All%	Generous Health Insurance%	Moderate Health Insurance%	No Health Insurance%	Chi-Square	P-value
Availability of social care
Mild satisfied or not	69.936	51.156	75.792	77.892	13.34	<0.001
Highly satisfied	30.064	48.844	24.208	22.108
Availability of health care
No	0.449	0.659	0.003	3.892	22.45	<0.001
Informal source	80.591	78.616	81.556	77.55
Formal source	18.960	20.725	18.441	18.558

Table 3 Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with the Availability of Long-Term Care Services

Factors	ORs	95% CI		P value
Health insurance
Generous (ref:)
Moderate	1.848	1.476	2.292	<0.001
No	2.148	1.560	2.952	<0.001
Family Income
<50,000 (ref:)
50,000–150,000	1.428	1.092	1.860	0.144
150,000–300,000	1.632	1.308	2.028	0.011
>300,000	1.884	1.476	2.412	<0.001
Living arrangements
With family (ref:)
Alone	1.536	1.128	2.088	0.109
In rest homes (or sanatoriums)	2.496	1.560	3.984	0.003
Gender
Male (ref:)
Female	2.1	1.74	2.544	<0.0001

Table 4 Sub-Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with the Availability of Long-Term Care Services by the Differences Between Urban and Rural Areas

Factors	Urban (n = 3945)		Rural (n = 3842)
	ORs (P value)	95% CI	ORs (P value)	95% CI
Health insurance
Generous (ref:)
Moderate	1.941(<0.001)	1.749, 2.006	1.644(<0.001)	1.608, 2.498
No	2.255 (<0.001)	1.338, 3.099	1.911(<0.001)	1.700, 3.216
Family Income
<50,000 (ref:)
50,000–150,000	1.499 (0.178)	1.146, 1.953	1.271(<0.001)	1.190, 2.027
150,000–300,000	1.713 (0.022)	1.373, 2.129	1.452(<0.001)	1.425, 2.212
>300,000	2.078 (0.015)	1.549, 2.532	1.676(<0.001)	1.608, 2.629
Living arrangements
With family (ref:)
Alone	1.612 (0.006)	1.184, 2.192	1.367(0.112)	1.229, 2.275
In rest homes (or sanatoriums)	2.621 (0.011)	1.638, 4.183	2.221(0.087)	1.705, 4.342
Gender
Male (ref:)
Female	2.205 (0.023)	1.527, 2.671	1.869(0.009)	1.396, 2.772