Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Metabolic Syndrome in Saudi Adult Males

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinical and Physical Activity Characteristics of Participants

Parameters
	Normal	MetS	p-value
N	63 (±61.1%)	39 (37.8%)
Age (years)	54.2 (±11.2)	56 (9.6)	0.424
Height (cm)	166.1 (±7.6)	167.1 (6.2)	0.453
Weight (Kg)	75.8 (±12.9)	85.1 (11.5)**	<0.001
WC (cm)	94 (82–100)	105 (86–111) *	0.002
BMI (kg/m2)	27.1 (±3.8)	30.6 (3.8)**	<0.001
SBP (mmHg)	125.1 (±19.1)	134.4 (16.9)*	0.014
DBP (mmHg)	75.8 (±12.0)	77.8 (9.6)	0.390
FBG (mmol/L)	5.2 (4.9–6.4)	6.4 (5.3–11.0)*	0.002
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.1 (±0.2)	0.87 (0.2)**	<0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.1 (0.9–1.4)	2.1 (1.7–2.9)	<0.001
MVPA (h.d^−1)	0.7 (±0.3)	0.6 (0.2)	0.334
LPA (h.d^−1)	6.2 (±1.1)	5.6 (1.0)*	0.004
Sedentary (h.d^−1)	9.4 (±1.3)	10.0 (1.4)*	0.027
Sedentary Bouts; ≥30 min(h.d^−1)	4.1(3.3–4.9)	4.5 (3.5–5.7)	0.129
No. of Sedentary Bouts	2.6 (4–5.6)	5.2 (4.3–6.6)	0.100
Accelerometer Wear Time (h.d^−1)	16.7 (16.1–17.3)	16.6 (15.4–17.3)	0.719

Notes: Data are presented as mean (± SD) and median (IQR). *(P < 0.05) and **(P <0.01) are considered significant.

Abbreviations: MetS, metabolic syndrome; WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein; MVPA, moderate-vigorous physical activity; LPA, light physical activity.

Table 2 Association of Sedentary, LPA and MVPA with MetS

	Model 1			Model 2		Model 3		Model 4
	Primary Model
	B (SE)	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Sedentary				Controlled for Sedentary		Controlled for LPA		Controlled for MVPA
T1 (>10.2)	0.875 (0.509)	2.40 (0.88, 6.51)	0.086	-	-	1.20 (0.37, 3.88)	0.755	2.24 (0.79, 6.29)	0.126
T2 (8.9–10.2)	0.225 (0.518)	1.25 (0.45, 3.45)	0.664	-	-	1.00 (0.34, 2.89)	0.996	1.23 (0.44, 3.41)	0.688
T3 (<8.9)	(reference)	1				1		1
LPA
T1 (<5.5)	1.940 (0.597)	6.96 (2.15, 22.43)	0.001	5.80 (1.56, 21.53)	0.009	-	-	6.75 (2.08, 21.86)	0.001
T2 (5.5–6.3)	1.535 (0.589)	4.64 (1.46, 14.72)	0.009	4.26 (1.30, 13.96)	0.017	-	-	4.69 (1.47, 14.95)	0.009
T3 (>6.3)	(reference)	1		1				1
MVPA
T1 (<0.6)	0.269 (0.520)	1.30 (0.47, 3.62)	0.605	1.02 (0.35, 2.97)	0.966	1.09 (0.37, 3.18)	0.874	-	-
T2 (0.6–0.8)	0.875 (0.509)	2.40 (0.88, 6.51)	0.086	2.15 (0.77, 6.00)	0.141	2.34 (0.83, 6.61)	0.108	-	-
T3 (>0.8)	(reference)	1		1		1

Notes: (Model 1) primary unadjusted model. Model 2, 3, and 4 controlled for Sedentary, LPA, and MVPA intensities as applicable. A p-value of 0.05 and 0.01 are considered significant.

Abbreviations: OR (95CI%), odds ratio (95% confidence interval); T1, tertile 1; T2 tertile 2; T3, tertile 3 (referent category); LPA, light physical activity; MVPA, moderate-vigorous physical activity.