Age of Natural Menopause Among Jordanian Women and Factors Related to Premature and Early Menopause

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of the Study Population

Parameters	Description	Number	Percentage (%)
Age (Yr)	48.3 ± 14.9	409	100%
BMI (kg/m2)	Underweight (<18.5)	11	2.7
	Standard (18.5–24.9)	111	27.1
	Overweight (25–29.9)	137	33.5
	Obese 1 (30–34.5)	85	20.8
	Obese 2 (35–39.9)	44	10.8
	Obese 3 (≥40)	21	5.1
Marital Status	Single	104	25.8
	Married/been married	305	74.2
Having Kids	Yes	277	67.7
Education	Elementary	140	34.2
	High School	57	13.9
	Diploma	64	15.6
	Bachelor	132	32.3
	Masters	7	1.7
	PhD	9	2.2
Type of Work	Employee	90	22.0
	Self-Employed	4	1.0
	Housewife	259	63.2
	Student	55	13.4
Household Income (JD)	<500	286	69.9
	500–999	87	21.3
	>1000	35	8.6
Smoking (smokers or been smokers)	Yes	83	20.3
Hormone Therapy	Yes	38	9.3
Chronic Diseases*	Yes	196	47.7

Note: *Mainly hypertension (31.1%), dyslipidemia (16.9%), diabetes (18.8%), osteoporosis (12.2%), ovarian cysts (13%), uterine fibrosis (13.0%).

Table 2 Premenopause and Natural Menopause Status in Jordanian Women

Groups	Frequency	Percent	CI 95%
Premature menopause (< 40 y)	11	2.7	1.9–5.6
Early menopause (40–44 y)	33	8.1	5.4–10.8
Average menopause (45–52 y)	147	35.9	28.8–44.1
Late menopause (>52 y)	51	12.5	9.4–16.0
Pre-menopause	167	40.8	36.3–46.0
Total	409	100.0

Figure 1 The percentage distribution of menopause in Jordanian women, according to the cessation of menstruation age onset.

Table 3 FSH and E2 Levels in Premenopausal, Perimenopausal, Menopausal Age Groups of Jordanian Women

Status	FSH (mIU/mL)		E2 (pg/mL)
	Median (IQR)	CI 95%	Median (IQR)	CI 95%
Premenopause	4 (4)*	5–6	136 (64)*	60–212
Perimenopause	33 (24)	23–55	20 (28)	8–33
<40	25 (32)	9–42	29 (23)	3–55
40–44	36 (37)	28–45	37 (46)	18–56
45–49	49 (49)	42–56	18 (11)	11–25
50–52	48 (15)	40–55	16 (15)	12–21
>52	79 (13)	35–55	79 (13)	-39–196

Note: *p<0.001 between premenopausal levels and the other statuses.

Table 4 Mean Scores of the Frequency of Vasomotor, Psychosocial, and Physical Symptoms with the Mean Score of Overall Health

Condition	Premenopause (n=155)	Perimenopause (n=12)	Early Menopause <45 Years (n=43)	Regular Menopause ≥ 45 Years (n=199)	P value
Age	33.2±10.9	45.0±5.5	53.7±8.7	58.9±6.2
BMI classification	2.67±1.03	3.08±1.24	3.33±1.02*	3.70±1.15*	<0.001
Arthritis pain	1.66±1.09	1.64±1.12	2.35±1.48*	2.48±1.36*	<0.001
Facial Hair	1.65±1.03	1.64±1.12	1.51±1.08	1.37±0.88*	0.059
Hot flushes	1.49±0.89	2.00±1.41	1.65±1.23	2.10±1.24*	<0.001
Loss of Sexual Desire	1.43±0.91	1.10±0.32	1.38±0.96	1.48±0.99	NS
Memory Disturbance	1.79±1.03	1.55±1.04	1.47±1.03	1.71±1.16	NS
Mood swings	2.02±1.19	1.64±1.12	1.53±1.08	1.82±1.22	NS
Saggy Breast	1.21±0.68	1.09±0.30	1.40±0.95	1.33±0.83	NS
Skin Dryness	1.75±1.04	1.55±1.21	1.58±1.12	1.55±1.00	NS
Sleep Disturbance	1.75±1.09	1.55±1.03	1.51±1.05	1.86±1.21*	NS
Tachycardia	1.78±1.06	1.45±1.04	1.08±0.92	1.65±1.09	NS
Inconsistent Urination	1.11±0.46	1.27±0.94	1.49±1.01*	1.40±0.85*	<0.001
Vaginal Dryness	1.32±0.78	1.64±1.12	1.53±1.10	1.50±0.99	NS
Overall Health^Ϯ	1.78±0.81	2.27±0.62*	2.63±0.79*	2.61±0.87*	<0.001

Notes: *The groups that showed statistically significant difference. ^ϮThe mean score of overall health.

Table 5 Selected Variables That May Associate with Premature/Early Menopause in Jordanian Women Comparison to Regular/Late Menopause Adjusted with Age Using Logistic Regression Analysis

Variables	N (%)	OR (95 CI)*	P value
Diseases (diseases vs no diseases)	166 (68.6%)	0.45 (0.22–0.91)	<0.05
Smoking (smokers or been smokers vs non-smokers)	34 (16.3%)	2.46 (1.08–5.59)	<0.05
Hormone therapy (used vs not used)	21 (9.63%)	2.53 (0.95–6.70)	0.072
Uterus conditions (present vs normal)	94 (38.8%)	1.56 (0.80–3.25)	0.196
Arthritis symptoms (have or do not have)	126 (52.1%)	0.747 (0.385–1.446)	0.385
BMI (high vs standard)	205 (84.7%)	0.58 (0.25–1.37)	0.209

Note: *Reference is ≥45 years menopausal age.

Table 6 Multinomial Logistic Regression of Variables Associated with Premature/Early Menopause* with Adjusted or Against Age and Socioeconomic Factors^ϯ

Variables	OR	95% CI	P value
Smoking (Smokers or been smokers vs non-smokers)	2.60	1.06–6.38	<0.05
Hormone therapy (used vs not used)	2.65	0.911–7.68	0.074
Arthritis symptoms
Always	0.75	0.35–1.61	0.456
Occasional	0.16	0.03–0.84	<0.05
BMI (high vs normal)	0.57	0.22−1.46	0.238
Diseases (diseases vs no diseases)	0.48	0.22–1.02	0.056
Uterus condition (present vs normal)	1.211	0.57–2.56	0.616

Notes: *Reference is ≥45 years menopausal age. ^ϯSocioeconomic factors are education, type of work, working hours, marital status, and having kids.