Vaccinated Healthcare Workers’ Adherence to COVID-19 Prevention Measures and Associated Factors in Northwest Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of the Study Participants, 2022 (n=411)

Variables	Categories	Frequency	%
Age	< 25	85	20.7
	26–30	216	52.6
	≥ 30	110	26.8
Sex	Male	179	43.6
	Female	232	56.4
Marital status	Single	252	61.3
	Married	148	36.0
	Others^a	11	2.7
Profession	Physician	45	10.9
	Nurse	118	28.7
	Midwifery	49	11.9
	Medical laboratory	39	9.5
	Pharmacist	71	17.3
	Radiology technician	29	7.1
	Psychiatry professional	16	3.9
	Optometrist	13	3.2
	Public health officer	31	7.5
Highest educational qualification	Degree	353	85.9
	Masters	58	14.1
Work experience	< 2 years	143	34.8
	2–5 years	153	37.2
	≥ 5 years	115	28.0

Note: ^aDivorced, widowed.

Table 2 Health Status, Vaccination Status, and COVID-19 Experience of the Study Participants, 2022 (n=411)

Variables	Categories	Frequency	%
Known chronic disease	Yes	52	12.7
	No	359	87.3
Vaccination status	Partially vaccinated	165	40.1
	Fully vaccinated	246	59.9
Perceived risk for COVID-19 after vaccination	High	38	9.2
	Medium	207	50.4
	Low	166	40.4
History of contact with SARS-CoV-2 infected person	Yes	93	22.6
	No	318	77.4
Knew about breakthrough infections of COVID-19	Yes	92	22.4
	No	319	77.6
Infected with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 after receiving a vaccine	Yes	42	10.2
	No	369	89.8

Table 3 Knowledge of the Respondents About Vaccine Efficacy and Safety, 2022 (n=411)

Variables	Categories	Frequency	%
COVID-19 vaccines do not provide long-lasting immunity	Yes	139	33.8
	No	272	66.2
COVID-19 vaccination decrease the severity of the disease	Yes	184	44.8
	No	227	55.2
COVID-19 vaccines reduce the number of deaths	Yes	228	55.5
	No	183	44.5
COVID-19 vaccines reduce symptom manifestation of the disease	Yes	143	34.8
	No	268	65.2
COVID-19 vaccination could reduce transmission.	Yes	137	33.3
	No	274	66.7
COVID-19 vaccines are generally safe	Yes	230	56.0
	No	181	44.0
Overall knowledge	Good	203	49.4
	Poor	208	50.6

Table 4 Sources of Information on Preventive Practices and COVID-19 Vaccines of Participants, 2022 (n=411)

Source of Information	Frequency	%
World Health Organization (WHO)	120	29.2
Ethiopian Ministry of Health/Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI)	142	34.5
Mass media (Television/Radio)	43	10.5
Personal Google search	20	4.9
Social media (Facebook/Telegram)	86	20.9

Table 5 Adherence of Study Participants to COVID-19 Prevention Measures, 2022 (n=411)

Variables	Categories	Frequency	%
Do you use face masks on a regular basis?	Yes	270	65.7
	No	141	34.3
Do you maintain a physical distance of at least 6 feet (2 meters)?	Yes	139	33.8
	No	272	66.2
Do you cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing?	Yes	226	55.0
	No	185	45.0
Do you avoid handshaking or any direct contact with others?	Yes	215	52.3
	No	196	47.7
Do you use alcohol-based hand sanitizers on a regular basis?	Yes	257	62.5
	No	154	37.5
Do you wash your hands with soap and water on a regular basis?	Yes	200	48.7
	No	211	51.3
Do you avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands?	Yes	177	43.1
	No	234	56.9
Do you clean and disinfect frequently touched objects on a regular basis?	Yes	136	33.1
	No	275	66.9
When you are sick, do you stay at home?	Yes	175	42.6
	No	236	57.4
Do you avoid large gatherings?	Yes	155	37.7
	No	256	62.3
Overall adherence	Good	148	36.0
	Poor	263	64.0

Table 6 Factors Associated with Adherence to COVID-19 Prevention Measures, 2022 (n=411)

Variables	Categories	Adherence Status		COR at 95% CI	AOR at 95% CI
		Good	Poor
Age	< 25	18	67	1	1
	25–30	73	143	1.90 (1.05–3.43)^a	2.06 (0.91–4.67)
	≥ 30	57	53	4.00 (2.11–7.59)^b	4.31 (1.26–14.70)
Work experience	< 2 years	36	107	1	1
	2–5 years	57	96	1.77 (1.07–2.91)^a	0.96 (0.48–1.91)
	≥ 5 years	55	60	2.73 (1.61–4.61)^b	0.68 (0.23–2.01)
Known chronic disease	Yes	36	16	0.20 (0.11–0.38)^b	0.91 (0.38–2.22)
	No	112	247	1	1
Perceived risk for COVID-19 after vaccination	High	33	5	1	1
	Medium	80	127	0.95 (0.04–0.26)^b	0.14 (0.05–0.38)^b
	Low	35	131	0.04 (0.02–0.11)^b	0.07 (0.02–0.20)^b
History of contact with SARS-CoV-2 infected person	Yes	42	51	0.61 (0.38–0.97)^a	0.84 (0.48–1.47)
	No	106	212	1	1
Knew about breakthrough infections of COVID-19	Yes	55	37	0.28 (0.17–0.448)^b	0.48 (0.26–0.86)^a
	No	93	226	1	1
Infected with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 after receiving the vaccine	Yes	34	8	0.11 (0.05–0.23)^b	0.49 (0.18–1.31)
	No	114	255	1	1
Vaccine efficacy and safety knowledge	Good	98	105	2.95 (1.94–4.49)^b	1.69 (1.03–2.78)^a
	Poor	50	158	1	1

Notes: ^aSignificant at p-value < 0.05; ^bSignificant at p-value < 0.001.

Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, Adjusted odds ratio.