Validity and Reliability of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Instrument Regarding Monkey Pox in Peru

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic Data of Participating Citizens

Sociodemographic Characteristics		N° Citizens (n =178)	% of Citizens
Sector	Lima	27	15.17%
	La Libertad	73	41.01%
	Piura	78	43.82%
Gender	Female	118	66.29%
	Male	60	33.71%
Marital Status	Single	100	56.18%
	Married / in partnership	78	43.82%
Children	Yes	84	47.19%
	No	94	52.81%
Educational Level	Primary or Secondary	7	3.93%
	Higher	171	96.07%
Age	Mean ±DS	35.08 ± 13.54

Table 2 Evaluation of the Content Validity of the Mpox Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Scale

Variables	Dimensions	V of Aiken by Dimension	V of Aiken by Variable	V of Aiken General
Knowledge level about	Signs	0.93	0.96	0.97
	Forms of infection	0.98
	The disease	0.96
	Actions in case of infection	1
Attitudes	Fears about the disease	0.92	0.97
	Keeping informed	1
	Actions to be taken	1
Practices	Individual hygiene	1	1
	Prevention in the environment	1

Table 3 Evaluation of the Construct Validity of the Mpox Knowledge Scale

Items	Factor				Unicity
	1 Signs	2 Forms of Infection	3 About the Disease	4 Actions in Case of Infection
Item 1: Fever	0.783				0.344
Item 2: Vesicular eruptions	0.662				0.447
Item 3: Muscle pain	0.784				0.35
Item 4: Itching and/or skin rashes	−0.619				0.428
Item 5: Diarrhea	−0.429				0.779
Item 6: Shivering	0.695				0.528
Item 7: Lumps in the neck and face	0.45				0.753
Item 8: Dizziness	−0.5				0.676
Item 9: Chest pain	−0.408				0.69
Item 10: Headache	0.721				0.511
Item 11: Kissing and/or cuddling with other possibly infected persons		0.395			0.753
Item 12: Indirect contact through materials or fomites (clothing, sheets, etc.) that have been contaminated by an infected person.		0.439			0.794
Item 13: Respiratory droplets and aerosols from an infected person		0.307			0.83
Item 14: Blood transfusion		0.485			0.688
Item 15: Sexual intercourse with an infected person		0.721			0.427
Item 16: From infected mother to child through the placenta (vertical transmission)		0.342			0.811
Item 17: It is transmitted from animal to person		0.206			0.903
Item 18: A person can be contagious only if he/she has vesicular eruptions.		−0.277			0.79
Item 19: Mpox is caused by a bacterium			0.216		0.903
Item 20: A vaccine that reduces the risk of complications is available			−0.256		0.931
Item 21: There is a specific treatment when you are already infected.			0.362		0.782
Item 22: It presents symptoms from the first day you get the virus.			0.372		0.843
Item 23: People with diabetes, renal insufficiency or chronic lung disease are at higher risk of contracting it.			0.453		0.748
Item 24: A person becomes infected until the dermal lesions become crusted (thick, dry, rough, brownish plaque).			−0.281		0.817
Item 25: To diagnose it, a blood test or swab of lesions must be performed.			−0.472		0.677
Item 26: The most contagious period is 7 to 10 days after the onset of the rash.			−0.402		0.677
Item 27: I should self-medicate				0.21	0.864
Item 28: Visit the nearest health center				0.4	0.817
Item 29: I have to call a health hotline to be attended to				0.479	0.719
Item 30: I must stay at home and isolate myself so as not to infect others.				0.488	0.737
Item 31: I must wear a mask to avoid spreading the virus.				0.446	0.754
Item 32: After using the toilet, I should clean it with bleach.				0.488	0.755

Note: The extraction method ‘Factorization along the principal axis’ was used in combination with an ‘Oblimin’ rotation. RMSEA: 0.05243, TLI:0.7792, BIC: −1379 χ²: 559.1 (p<0.05). Bartletts Sphericity (p<0.05), Global MSA: 0.7325.

Table 4 Evaluation of the Construct Validity of the Mpox Attitudes Scale

Items	Attitude Factor About			Unicity
	1	2	3
	Fears About the Disease	Staying Informed	Actions to Be Taken
Item 1: I consider it a disease that does not cause death, so I do not worry about it.	0.7417			0.4396
Item 2: I believe that young people have nothing to worry about, it will not kill them.	0.8694			0.2445
Item 3: I consider them to be eruptions, but they can be cured.	−0.5357			0.6939
Item 4: I am afraid of catching this disease.	−0.3685			0.7224
Item 5: I keep myself informed in detail about this disease.		0.8907		0.2286
Item 6: I explain to my family how to prevent getting the disease.		0.8599		0.1937
Item 7: I talk with my family about Mpox.		0.9263		0.1431
Item 8: If I get infected, I will isolate myself.			0.7584	0.4102
Item 9: If I accompany with an infected person, I will wear a mask.			0.806	0.3954
Item 10: If the Mpox vaccine arrives I will get it.			0.7374	0.4362

Notes: RMSEA: 0.058, TLI: 0.9658, BIC: −64.21 χ²: 29.06 (p<0.05). Bartlett’s sphericity (p<0.05), Global MSA: 0.7896.

Table 5 Evaluation of the Construct Validity of the Mpox Practice Scale

	Practice Factors with Regard to		Unicity
	1	2
	Individual Hygiene	Prevention in the Environment
Item 1: I wash my hands with soap and water.	0.8597		0.3098
Item 2: I disinfect my hands with alcohol if I do not have soap handy.	0.5676		0.3059
Item 3: I avoid contact with people who have skin rashes.	0.6399		0.3657
Item 4: I avoid sharing clothes and other personal items.	0.906		0.2309
Item 5: At home, each person in the family has his or her cutlery.		0.7903	0.5309
Item 6: When I go out, I avoid touching my eyes, nose and mouth.		0.7912	0.301
Item 7: When I go to a restaurant I usually clean the cutlery with alcohol or lemon.		0.6644	0.3603
Item 8: When I go outside I use the mask.		0.4986	0.399
Item 9: I disinfect the bathroom of the house when it is used by a visitor.		0.4558	0.3078

Notes: RMSEA: 0.1665, TLI: 0.8413, BIC: 14.43 χ²: 112.9 (p<0.05). Bartlett’s Sphericity (p<0.05), MSA Global: 0.8924.

Table 6 Reliability Statistics of Mpox Knowledge Scale and Its Dimensions

Variable/Dimension	Cronbach α	McDonald ω
V: Knowledge in general	0.8164	0.8206
Signs	0.8544	0.8624
Forms of infection	0.6854	0.6990
About the disease	0.6086	0.6333
Actions in cases of infection	0.5250	0.5250
V: Attitudes	0.8134	0.8330
Fears about the disease	0.7438	0.7536
Keeping informed	0.7038	0.7783
Actions to be taken	0.7977	0.8088
V: Practices	0.9154	0.9315
Individual hygiene	0.8891	0.8977
Prevention in the environment	0.8666	0.8830

Figure 1 Correlation heat maps by dimension of the Mpox knowledge scale.

Notes: CS: Knowledge of signs, FC: Knowledge of ways of infection, CE: Knowledge of the disease and CA: Knowledge of actions to be taken in case of infection. (from Spanish initials).

Figure 2 Correlation heat map of attitudes and practices scales.

Abbreviations: AC, attitudes; PR, practice.