Number of Seizures and Associated Factors Among Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Selected Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals of Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia,2023. A Poisson Regression Analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1 Diagram of sampling procedure number of seizure and factors associated among neonates with birth asphyxia admitted to NICU of Northwest Amhara regional state comprehensive and specialized hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Mothers and Neonates at NICU in Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia, 2023 (n=423)

Variables	Frequency(n)	Percentage (%)
Age_ group of the mother
<20	41	9.69
20–34	271	64.07
≥35	111	26.24
Residency
Urban	198	46.81
Rural	225	53.19
Sex of the newborn
Male	264	62.41
Female	159	37.59
Place of delivery
Hospital	366	86.52
Health center	57	13.48

Table 2 Obstetric History and Complications Characteristics of Mothers Whose Neonates Were Admitted at NICU in Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia, 2023 (n=423)

Variables	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
ANC visit
Yes	400	94.56
No	23	5.44
Number of ANC visit(n=400)
1–3	123	29.08
≥4	277	65.48
Mode of delivery
C/S	112	26.48
SVD	179	42.32
Instrumental assisted delivery	132	31.21
Parity
Primi para	177	41.84
Multi-para	246	58.16
Current pregnancy
Multiple	90	21.28
Single	333	78.72
Placental |hemorrhage
Yes	34	8.04
No	389	91.96
Pre-eclampsia
Yes	77	18.20
No^1	346	81.80
Eclampsia
Yes	61	14.42
No	362	85.58
Prolonged labor
Yes	71	16.78
NO	352	83.22
PROM
Yes	151	35.70
NO	272	64.30
Oligohydramnios
Yes	71	16.78
No	352	83.22
Chronic DM
Yes	12	2.84
No	411	97.16
Chronic hypertension
Yes	15	3.59
No	408	96.45

Notes: ¹(ANC Antenatal Care C/S Cesarean Cession SVD Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery PROM Prolonged Rupture Of Membrane DM Diabetic Miletus.)

Table 3 Neonatal Related and Clinical Co-Morbidities of the Neonates in Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia, 2023 (n=423)

Variables	Frequency	Percentage (%)
MAS
Yes	100	23.64
No	323	76.36
Weight
NBW	337	79.67
LBW	53	12.53
Macrocosmic	33	7.80
GA
Term	349	82.51
Late preterm	41	9.69
Post term	33	7.80
Hypoglycemia
Yes	31	7.33
No	392	92.67
IVH
Yes	28	6.62
No	395	93.38
RDS
Yes	93	21.99
No	330	78.01
HIE
Stage 1	84	19.86
Stage 2	195	46.10
Stage 3	144	34.04
Meningitis
Yes	125	29.55
No	298	70.45

Abbreviations: MAS, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome LBW, Low Birth Weight NBW, Normal Birth Weight IVH, Intraventricular Hemorrhage RDS, respiratory distress syndrome HIE, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Table 4 Bi-Variable and Multivariable Logistic Regression for the Number of Seizures Among PNA Neonates Admitted to the NICU of Selected Northwest Amhara Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2023. (n=423)

Variable	Category	CIRR (95% CI)	AIRR (95% CI)	P- value
MOD	SVD	1
	C/S	1.09 (0.97 1.24	1.04 (0.97 1.11)	0.225
	Instrumental VD	1.05 (0.93 1.21)	1.06 (0.98 1.13)	0.137
Prolonged labor	Yes	1.09 (0.97 1.21)	1.03 (0.97 1.09)	0.343
	No	1
GDM	Yes	1.13 (1.01 1.26)	1.01 (0.946 1.082)	0.732
	No	1
Eclampsia	Yes	1.15 (0.96 1.37)	1.00 (0.92 1.09)	0.928
	No	1
Hypoglycemia	YES	1.32 (1.16 1.51)	1.17 (1.06 1.28)	0.002**
	NO	1
MAS	Yes	1.21 (1.14 1.27)	1.033 (0.96 1.11)	0.372
	No	1
IVH	Yes	1.23 (1.07 1.41)	1.16 (1.06 1.26)	0.001**
	No	1
HIE	Stage 1	1
	Stage 2	11.55 (5.96 22.37)	11.49 (5.9 22.23)	0.000***
	Stage 3	13.66 (7.05 26.45)	13.22 (6.80 25.68)	0.000***
Neonate weight	NBW	1
	LBW	0.84 (0.69 1.04)	1.00 (0.91 1.09)	0.976
	Macrosomia	1.23 (1.08 1.41)	1.06 (0.96 1.16)	0.247

Notes: ***= statistically significant by (P-value < 0.001), ** significant (p-value<0.005).

Abbreviations: MOD, Mode Of Delivery; GDM, Gestational Diabetic Mellitus; MAS, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome; LBW, Low Birth Weight; NBW, Normal Birth Weight; IVH, Intraventricular Hemorrhage; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; HIE, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Figure 2 Number of seizures among neonates with PNA during the follow-up period in the Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia from 2019–2023.

Data Sharing Statement

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to confidentiality but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.