Statins Prevent Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy: A Single-center Retrospective Study with a Median Follow-up of 51.20 Months

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Demographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics by Prostate Statin Use Status

	Demographic and Pathological Features
	Total	Statin	Nonstatin	p
Age (years)	63.66±6.631	64.43±6.60	62.95±6.56	<0.05
Preoperative PSA level (ng/mL)	8.51±7.54	8.159± 5.45	8.83±8.9	0.218
Follow-up (months)	51.20±31.258	51.24±30.22	52.12±32.06	0.744
ISUP				0.310
1	154 (21.9%)	75 (23.4%)	79 (20.7%)
2	464 (66.1%)	207 (64.7%)	257 (67.3%)
3	68 (9.6%)	32 (10%)	36 (9.4%)
4	10 (1.4%)	2 (0.6%)	8 (2.1%)
5	6 (0.9%)	4 (1.3%)	3 (0.5%)
T stage				0.681
T2a	50 (7.1%)	23 (7.2%)	27 (7.1%)
T2b	16 (2.3%)	6 (1.9%)	10 (2.6%)
T2c	390 (55.5%)	176 (54.8%)	214 (56%)
T3a	206 (29%)	93 (28.5%)	113 (29.6%)
T3b	41 (5.8%)	23 (7.2%)	18 (4.7%)
Surgical				0.595
Margin
Negative	569 (81.2%)	257 (80.3%)	312 (81.9%)
Positive	132 (18.8%)	63 (19.7%)	69 (18.1%)
N stage				0.377
Nx	214 (30.5%)	94 (29.3%)	120 (31.6%)
N0	463 (66%)	196 (68.2%)	270 (64.2%)
N1	25 (3.3%)	8 (2.5%)	17 (3.9%)

Figure 1 Biochemical recurrence based on statin use.

Figure 2 Kaplan–Meier survival chart by subgroups.

Notes: (A) biochemical recurrence free survival for pT2c subgroup; (B) biochemical recurrence-free survival for ISUP ≤2; (C) biochemical recurrence free survival for ISUP ≥3.

Table 2 Adjusted Hazard Ratio of Statin Use on Prostate Cancer Recurrence

	Biochemical Recurrence (N=140)
	No. of Events	HR (95%CI)	p
T stage
T2a	6	0.184 (0.0–1302.948)	0.184
T2c	56	0.486 (0.268–0.881)	0.017
T3a	59	0.808 (0.469–1.394)	0.445
T3b	19	0.760 (0.208–2.774)	0.678
Gleason score
ISUP ≤2	116	0.629 (0.424–0.933)	0.021
ISUP ≥3	24	0.261 (0.092–0.740)	0.011
Surgical Margin Status
Negative	92	0.661 (0.423–1.032)	0.068
Positive	48	0.523 (0.273–1.001)	0.050

Notes: Model adjusted for age, T stage, N stage, ISUP score, preoperative PSA, surgical margin status, metformin use. Estimates from time-dependent Cox model.