Evaluation of Functional Bladder Capacity in Children with Nocturnal Enuresis According to Type and Treatment Outcome

Figures & data

Table 1 Patients’ Characteristics According to NE Types

Variable	MNE (%)		NMNE (%)		Total (%)		p value
Patient number	28	(40.6)	41	(59.4)	69	(100)
Sex							0.631
Male	18	(26.1)	24	(34.8)	42	(60.9)
Female	10	(14.5)	17	(24.6)	27	(39.1)
Mean age (m)	88.7±23.9		79.6±20.9		83.3±22.4		0.093
Height (cm)	126.0±11.5		120.0±14.2		122.4±13.4		0.05
Weight (kg)	27.9±10.5		25.4±10.3		26.4±10.4		0.179
BMI	17.8±4.1		16.9±3.6		17.3±3.8		0.564
UFM pattern(%)							0.151
Bell	13	(46.4)	19	(46.3)	32	(46.4)
Plateau	10	(35.7)	15	(36.6)	25	(36.2)
Interrupted	1	(3.6)	4	(9.8)	5	(7.2)
Tower	2	(7.1)	1	(2.4)	3	(4.3)
Staccato	1	(3.6)	0	(0.0)	1	(1.4)
Unknown	1	(3.6)	2	(4.9)	3	(4.3)
Total	28	(100.0)	41	(100.0)	69	(100.0)
Qave (mL/sec)	11.0±3.4		10.2±3.2		10.5±3.2		0.906
Qmax (mL/sec)	18.9±6.8		18.4±7.4		18.6±7.1		0.74
Voided volume (mL)	126.4±69.0		127.9±55.6		127.3±60.9		0.515
PVR (mL)	14.0±11.2		14.0±13.5		14.0±12.5		0.901
Treatment response
CR + PR	19	(67.9)	26	(63.4)	45	(65.2)	0.704

Notes: Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%) for categorical variables. p-values were calculated using Mann–Whitney tests for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables, as appropriate.

Abbreviations: NE, nocturnal enuresis; MNE, monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis; NMNE, non-monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis; BMI, body mass index; UFM, uroflowmetry; Qave, average flow rate; Qmax, maximum flow rate; PVR, post-void residual volume; CR, complete response; PR, partial response.

Table 2 Functional Bladder Capacity of Patients According to NE Types

Variable	MNE (%)		NMNE (%)		Total (%)		p value
EBC	281.7±59.7		259.0±52.2		268.2±56.1		0.099
FBC
In chart	161.3±68.4		147.1±78.6		152.6±74.6		0.26
In UFM	140.4±73.2		141.9±58.2		141.3±64.2		0.897
					p=0.127
FBC/EBC
FBC in chart/EBC	56.7±20.8		55.0±21.7		55.6±21.2		0.755
FBC in UFM/EBC	49.3±19.8		54.8±20.5		52.6±20.3		0.282
					p=0.19
Lower FBC/EBC ratio
FBC in chart/EBC	18	(64.3)	29	(70.7)	47	(68.1)	0.573
FBC in UFM/EBC	21	(75.0)	27	(65.9)	48	(69.6)	0.417

Notes: Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%) for categorical variables. p-values were calculated using Mann–Whitney tests.

Abbreviations: NE, nocturnal enuresis; MNE, monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis; NMNE, non-monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis; EBC, expected bladder capacity; FBC in chart, functional bladder capacity in 48-hour frequency/volume chart; FBC in UFM, FBC in uroflowmetry with post-void residual volume.

Figure 1 Functional bladder capacity according to treatment outcome.

Table 3 Bladder capacity According to Treatment Response

Variable	CR (%)		PR (%)		NR (%)		Total (%)		p value
Patient number	15	(21.7)	30	(43.5)	24	(34.8)	69	(100)
EBC	265.8±45.0		283.5±62.3		250.5±50.3		268.2±56.1		0.049
FBC
In chart	172.3±62.6		158.4±81.6		133.3±69.8		152.6±74.6		0.201
In UFM	155.0±60.1		144.9±70.7		127.3±57.7		141.3±64.2		0.279
FBC/EBC
FBC in chart/EBC	62.1±16.5		54.6±22.5		53.2±22.1		55.6±21.2		0.309
FBC in UFM/EBC	59.8±23.8		51.1±20.5		49.5±16.7		52.6±20.3		0.421
Lower FBC/EBC ratio
FBC in chart/EBC	10	(66.7)	23	(76.7)	14	(58.3)	47	(68.1)	0.461
FBC in UFM/EBC	8	(53.3)	22	(73.3)	18	(75.0)	48	(69.6)	0.19

Notes: Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%) for categorical variables. p-values were calculated using Kruskal–Wallis tests.

Abbreviations: CR, complete response; PR, partial response; NR, no response; EBC, expected bladder capacity; FBC in chart, functional bladder capacity in 48-hour frequency/volume chart; FBC in UFM, FBC in uroflowmetry with post-void residual volume.