Effect of a novel nutraceutical combination on serum lipoprotein functional profile and circulating PCSK9

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline subjects’ characteristics

Characteristics	N=23
Age (years)	55.39±12.7
Male sex (n, %)	13 (56.5%)
Body max index (kg/m^2)	27.67±3.5
FPG (mg/dL)	89.72±13.9
SBP (mmHg)	129.68±10.9
DBP (mmHg)	81.59±7.1
TC (mg/dL)	218±36.2
LDL-C (mg/dL)	143±33.0
HDL-C (mg/dL)	50±10.8
TG (mg/dL)	125±62.4

Note:

Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%).

Abbreviations: FPG, fasting plasma glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.

Table 2 Effect of NUT combination on serum lipid profile

	Baseline (n=23)	NUT combination (n=23)	Mean change %	p-value
TC (mg/dL)	218±36.2	198±31.1	−9.2	<0.001
LDL-C (mg/dL)	143±33.0	125±23.1	−12.6	<0.01
HDL-C (mg/dL)	50±10.8	49±11.1	−2	NS
TG (mg/dL)	125±62.4	116±58.5	−7.2	NS
apoA-I (mg/dL)	128.68±39.68	131.39±45.44	−2	NS

Notes:

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical significance was calculated by the two-tailed Student’s paired t-test.

Abbreviations: TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; apoA-I, apolipo-protein A-I; NS, not significant; NUT, nutraceutical.

Figure 1 Effect of NUT combination on serum HDL-CEC.

Notes: Total serum HDL-CEC (A), serum HDL-CEC mediated by ABCA1 (B) and by AD (C) in subjects (n=23) at baseline (T1, empty circles) and after (T2, black circles) consumption of the NUT combination. Each point represents the mean of values obtained from evaluation in triplicate of each serum sample. Horizontal lines represent the mean (±SD) of values within each subject group. Statistical significance was calculated by the two-tailed Student’s paired t-test. *p<0.05; ***p<0.001.
Abbreviations: CEC, cholesterol efflux capacity; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; ABCA1, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1; AD, aqueous diffusion; NUT, nutraceutical.

Figure 2 Effect of NUT combination on serum CLC.

Notes: CLC of serum from subjects (n=23) at baseline (T1, empty circles) and after (T2, black circles) consumption of the NUT combination. Each point represents the mean of the values obtained from evaluation in triplicate of each serum sample. Horizontal lines represent the mean (±SD) of values within each subject group. Statistical significance was calculated by the two-tailed Student’s paired t-test. *p<0.05.
Abbreviations: NUT, nutraceutical; CLC, cholesterol loading capacity.

Figure 3 Effect of NUT combination on plasma levels of PCSK9.

Notes: PCSK9 levels of serum from subjects (n=23) at baseline (T1, empty circles) and after (T2, black circles) consumption of the NUT combination. Each point represents the mean of the values obtained from evaluation in triplicate of each serum sample. Horizontal lines represent the mean (±SD) of values within each subject group. Statistical significance was calculated by the two-tailed Student’s paired t-test.
Abbreviations: NUT, nutraceutical; PCSK9, proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9); ns, not significant.