Comparison of ramosetron and ondansetron for the treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded multicenter trial

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flow diagram of the study.

Table 1 Patient’s characteristics

	Ondansetron group (n=102)	Ramosetron group (n=104)	P-value
Age (years)	42.6±10.9	43.7±11.9	0.50
Women	97 (95.1)	96 (92.3)	0.41
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	23.4±4.0	23.2±3.1	0.58
ASA physical status			0.44
1	83 (81.4)	79 (76.0)
2	20 (19.6)	25 (24.0)
History of PONV or motion sickness	38 (37.3)	42 (40.4)	0.65
Nonsmoking	99 (97.1)	100 (96.2)	1.00
Simplified risk score			0.78
2	10 (10.2)	11 (10.6)
3	57 (55.9)	59 (56.7)
4	35 (34.3)	34 (32.7)
Duration of anesthesia (min)	123.9±47.5	121.4±66.2	0.75
Duration of surgery (min)	94.1±45.2	92.2±64.6	0.81
Duration of PACU stay (min)	67.2±24.4	70.6±25.6	0.32
Use of fentanyl-based IV PCA	70 (68.6)	59 (56.7)	0.08
Type of surgical procedure			0.35
Cholecystectomy	34 (33.3)	43 (41.3)
Hysterectomy	21 (20.6)	18 (17.3)
Ovarian cystectomy	19 (18.6)	20 (19.2)
Myomectomy	19 (18.6)	13 (12.5)
Salpingo-oophorectomy	6 (5.9)	8 (7.7)
Other gynecologic surgery	3 (2.9)	2 (1.9)

Note: Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%) of patients.

Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; PONV, postoperative nausea and vomiting; PACU, postanesthesia care unit; IV PCA, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.

Figure 2 Complete response rate for 24 h after administration of the study drug.

Table 2 Incidence of nausea, retching/vomiting, and requirement for rescue antiemetic treatment

	Ondansetron group (n=102)	Ramosetron group (n=104)	P-value
Patients with nausea
0–2 h	70 (68.6)	64 (61.5)	0.29
2–24 h	59 (57.8)	57 (54.8)	0.66
0–24 h	83 (81.4)	77 (74.0)	0.21
Nausea severity
0–2 h (mild/moderate/severe)	28/27/15	27/27/10	0.53
2–24 h (mild/moderate/severe)	21/31/7	24/24/9	0.84
Patients with retching/vomiting
0–2 h	10 (9.8)	15 (14.4)	0.31
2–24 h	14 (13.7)	16 (15.4)	0.74
0–24 h	22 (21.6)	27 (26.0)	0.46
Patients requiring rescue antiemetic
0–2 h	27 (26.5)	20 (19.2)	0.22
2–24 h	27 (26.5)	23 (22.1)	0.47
0–24 h	46 (45.1)	39 (37.5)	0.27

Note: Values are presented as number (%) of patients.

Table 3 Side effects of antiemetic drugs

	Ondansetron group (n=102)	Ramosetron group (n=104)	P-value
Headache	7 (6.9)	2 (1.9)	0.10
Dizziness	11 (10.8)	14 (13.5)	0.56
Drowsiness	15 (14.7)	17 (16.3)	0.75

Note: Values are presented as number (%) of patients.

Table 4 Pain intensity scores and requirement of rescue analgesic

	Ondansetron group (n=102)	Ramosetron group (n=104)	P-value
Pain scores
0–2 h	54.3±19.7	51.5±20.5	0.32
2–24 h	32.5±15.9	34.9±16.8	0.30
Patients requiring rescue analgesic
0–2 h	72 (70.6)	74 (71.2)	0.93
2–24 h	49 (48.0)	54 (51.9)	0.58

Note: Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%) of patients.