A case of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy while using rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus

Figures & data

Figure 1 The clinical course and treatments.

Abbreviations: mPSL, methylprednisolone; PSL, prednisolone; CsA, cyclosporine-A; IVCY, intravenous cyclophosphamide; RTX, rituximab; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; HLH, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; IL-6, interleukin-6; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid.

Figure 2 Changes in brain magnetic resonance imaging (FLAIR images).

Notes: (A) At the time of the PML onset. (B) A month and half after PML onset before starting treatment by mefloquine and mirtazapine. (C) Two months after the start of treatment by mefloquine and mirtazapine. (D) Eight months after the onset of PML and 6 months after the start of treatment by mefloquine and mirtazapine.
Abbreviations: FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery; PML, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.