Diagnostic value of PD-1 mRNA expression combined with breast ultrasound in breast cancer patients

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinicopathological parameters of 113 breast cancer patients

Parameter	Number of patients (%)
BI-RADS classification
3	3 (2.7)
4A	6 (5.3)
4B	19 (16.8)
4C	42 (37.2)
5	33 (29.2)
6	10 (8.8)
Pathology
Invasive ductal carcinoma	68 (60.2)
Invasive lobular carcinoma	14 (12.4)
Invasive carcinoma	31 (27.4)
Tumor grade
Grade 1	8 (7.1)
Grade 2	70 (61.9)
Grade 3	17 (15.0)
Unknown	18 (15.9)
Tumor stage
T1	35 (31.0)
T2	69 (61.1)
T3	9 (8.0)
Lymph node status
N0	65 (57.5)
N1	33 (29.2)
N2	6 (5.3)
N3	9 (8.0)
AJCC stage
I	25 (22.1)
II	71 (62.8)
III	13 (11.5)
IV	4 (3.5)
ER status
+	82 (72.6)
−	31 (27.4)
PR status
+	76 (67.3)
−	37 (32.7)
HER-2 status
+	32 (28.3)
−	81 (71.7)

Abbreviations: BI-RADS, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; ER, estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor; HER-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2.

Figure 1 Peripheral PD-1 mRNA expression in patients with malignant and benign breast tumors.

Notes: Outliers were plotted as individual points. The bottom and top of the box are the first and third quartiles. The band inside the box is the second quartile (the median).
Abbreviation: PD-1, programmed death 1.

Table 2 Correlation of clinicopathological parameters with BI-RADS classification and peripheral PD-1 expression in breast cancer patients

Parameter	BI-RADS			PD-1
	3-4B	4C-6	P-value	<3.62	≥3.62	P-value
Age, years (mean ± standard)	50 ± 11	53 ± 12	0.634	51 ± 11	53 ± 14	0.463
Tumor grade
Grade 1–2	21	56	0.392	19	59	0.754
Grade 3	7	11		3	14
AJCC stage (n)
I	12	13	0.004	4	21	0.778
II–IV	16	72		18	70
Tumor size (n)
T1	16	19	0.001	6	29	0.800
T2–3	12	66		16	62
Lymph node status (n)
N0	17	48	0.826	15	50	0.338
N1–3	11	37		7	41
HER-2 status (n)
+	2	31	0.003	9	22	0.181
−	26	54		13	69
ER status (n)
+	22	63	0.802	13	72	0.060
−	6	22		9	19
PR status (n)
+	19	58	0.970	8	69	<0.001
−	9	27		15	22

Note: Bold values represent statistical significance, P<0.05.

Abbreviations: BI-RADS, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System; PD-1, programmed death 1; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; n, number of patients; HER-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2; ER, estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor.

Figure 2 Comparison of PD-1 expression between patients with malignant and benign breast tumors according to cutoff value.

Abbreviation: PD-1, programmed death 1.

Figure 3 ROC curve for PD-1 detection to differentiate malignant from benign tumors.

Abbreviations: ROC, receiver-operating characteristic; PD-1, programmed death 1; AUC, area under the curve.

Table 3 Diagnostic value for PD-1 and BI-RADS for ROC curve analysis

Parameters	Cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Youden index	AUC (95% CI)	P-value
PD-1	3.62	0.805	0.788	0.593	0.848 (0.785–0.911)	<0.001
BI-RADS	4C	0.752	0.909	0.661	0.906 (0.860–0.952)	<0.001
BI-RADS+ PD-1	NA	0.920	0.879	0.799	0.938 (0.903–0.973)	<0.001

Note: Bold values represent statistical significance, P<0.05.

Abbreviations: PD-1, programmed death 1; BI-RADS, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System; ROC, receiver-operating characteristic; AUC, area under curve; NA, not available.

Figure 4 Comparison of BI-RADS between patients with malignant and benign breast tumors according to cutoff value.

Abbreviation: BI-RADS, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System.

Figure 5 ROC curve for BI-RADS to differentiate malignant from benign tumors.

Abbreviations: ROC, receiver-operating characteristic; BI-RADS, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System; AUC, area under the curve.

Figure 6 ROC curve for PD-1 detection combined with BI-RADS to differentiate malignant from benign tumors.

Abbreviations: ROC, receiver-operating characteristic; PD-1, programmed death 1; BI-RADS, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System; AUC, area under the curve.

Figure S1 Peripheral PD-1 mRNA expression in patients with malignant and benign breast tumors (comparable age between two groups).

Notes: Median age of breast cancer patients was 41 (24–60) years. Median age of patients with benign breast tumors was 39 (20–60) years.

Abbreviation: PD-1, programmed death 1.

Figure S2 PD-1 expression in high-age group (age > median age) and low-age group (age ≤ median age) in breast cancer patients.

Abbreviation: PD-1, programmed death 1.

Figure S3 PD-1 expression in high-age group (age > median age) and low-age group (age ≤ median age) in patients with benign breast tumors.

Abbreviation: PD-1, programmed death 1.