Role of iron supplementation in promoting maternal and fetal outcome

Figures & data

Figure 1 Overview of clinical study.

Table 1 Geometric mean (± standard deviation) of baseline characteristics of participating women at time of enrolment (≤20 weeks’ gestation) and delivery

Weeks of gestation	Characteristic	Group A	Group B	Group C	P value
≤20	Age ± SD	25.8 ± 4.9	24.3 ± 4.6	25.4 ± 5.4	0.21
	BMI (17–19 weeks) ± SD	26.3 ± 4	26.1 ± 4.8	25.8 ± 4.3	0.75
	Parity	0.76	0.65	0.77	0.5
	Nulliparity	33 (53.2%)	38 (55.1%)	33 (47.1%)
38
	Weight gain (20–38 weeks) ± SD	3.2 ± 3.5	3.1 ± 1.3	3.4 ± 1.5	0.61
	BMI ± SD	29.6 ± 3.5	29.3 ± 4.8	29.2 ± 4.3	0.61

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation.

Figure 2 Geometric means of hemoglobin level.

Note: *Statistically significant.

Figure 3 Geometric means of ferritin level.

Note: *statistically significant.

Table 2 Effect of once-weekly, twice-weekly, and daily iron supplementation on hemoglobin and ferritin levels in nonanemic pregnant women

Weeks of gestation	Group A (n = 62)		Group B (n = 69)		Group C (n = 70)
	Hemoglobin	Ferritin	Hemoglobin	Ferritin	Hemoglobin	Ferritin
20	12.1 ± 0.81	13.4 ± 9.6	11.9 ± 0.69	13.5 ± 10.1	12.06 ± 0.87	15.8 ± 13
28	11.9 ± 0.82	16.09 ± 9.8	11.9 ± 0.75	14.2 ± 9.1	12.1 ± 0.83	18.8 ± 12.1*
38	12.4 ± 0.85	21.3 ± 11.07	12.1 ± 0.78*	19.9 ± 11.2*	12.5 ± 0.93	25.3 ± 13.2

* Note: Statistically significant.

Table 3 Pregnancy outcome analysis in randomization groups

Variable	Group A	Group B	Group C	P value
Birth weight	3212 ± 461.4	3222.38 ± 500	3274.26 ± 408.3	0.7 F = 0.35
Pregnancy termination week	39.9 ± 1.2	39.5 ± 1.4	40.03 ± 1.6	0.12 F = 2.1
C/S	14 (20.9%)	22 (31.9%)	21 (30.9%)	0.29
Preterm delivery	4 (7.5%)	3 (5.8%)	1 (1.4%)	0.25
LBW	1 (1.5%)	0 (0%)	1 (1.4%)	0.61

Abbreviations: LBW, low birth weight; C/S, cesarean section.