Physical function assessment of older adults with lower body fractures at 3 months post-discharge from hospital

Figures & data

Table 1 The characteristics of the patients who remained after follow-up in this study

Characteristics	Post-discharge phase, n=89, N (%)
Sex
Male	34 (38.2)
Female	55 (61.8)
Age (mean ± SD)	69.62±10.68
Age group (years)
50–64	32 (36.0)
≥65	57 (64.0)
Ethnicity/race
Malay	33 (37.1)
Chinese	45 (50.6)
Indian	11 (12.4)
Number of comorbidities
0–2	62 (69.7)
≥3	27 (30.3)
Family history of osteoporosis
Yes	7 (7.9)
No	82 (92.1)
History of fracture
Yes	20 (22.5)
No	69 (77.5)
Anatomy of fracture parts
Hip and femur	51 (57.3)
Knee and lower leg	18 (20.2)
Ankle and foot	20 (22.5)
Fracture type
Hip fracture	46 (51.7)
Other than hip fracture	43 (48.3)

Note: Adapted from Ibrahim NI, Ahmad MS, Zulfarina MS, et al. Activities of daily living and determinant factors among older adult subjects with lower body fracture after discharge from hospital: a prospective study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(5):1002. Creative Commons license and disclaimer available from: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.⁹¹

Table 2 Frequency and percentage of patients who succeeded for follow-up and causes for dropouts in the study

Follow-up status (3 months after discharge)	Frequency, N	Percentage (%)
Successful for follow-up visit	89	69.0
Died	14	10.9
Withdrawn from the study	15	11.6
Unable to contact	11	8.5

Note: This table was in reference to Ibrahim et al.⁹¹

Table 3 The minimum, maximum, and mean values of TUGand HGStest scores

Score values	TUG test score, n=57	HGS test score, n=82
Minimum	9.0 seconds	2.0 kg
Maximum	73.0 seconds	48.7 kg
Mean	26.1 seconds	19.0 kg

Notes: Thirty-two patients were excluded from the TUG test as they were unable to stand on their own and needed help to get up. Seven patients were excluded from the HGS test as they were unable to sit properly and perform this test.

Abbreviations: HGS, handgrip strength; TUG, Timed Up and Go.

Table 4 Descriptive statistics according to independent variables and data of TUG test scores, HGS test scores, and the independent variables

Independent variables	TUG test, n=57			HGS test, n=82
	N (%)	Median (IQR) (seconds)	P-value	N (%)	Mean ± SD (kg)	P-value
Age (years)
50–64	27 (47.4)	18.5 (11)	0.026	31 (37.4)	25.3±10.2	<0.001
≥65	30 (52.6)	23.8 (22)		51 (62.2)	15.2±7.1
Sex
Male	28 (49.1)	17.4 (11)	0.011	33 (40.2)	26.2±9.4	<0.001
Female	29 (50.9)	23.2 (19)		49 (59.8)	14.2±6.5
Fracture type
Hip fracture	26 (45.6)	30.4 (29)	<0.001	40 (48.8)	15.1±7.8	<0.001
Non-hip fracture	31 (54.4)	16.6 (5)		42 (51.2)	22.7±9.9
Use of a walking aid before fracture
Yes	9 (15.8)	45.5 (39)	0.004	19 (23.2)	14.9±7.4	0.035
No	48 (84.2)	19.5 (12)		63 (76.8)	20.3±10.0

Abbreviations: HGS, handgrip strength; TUG, Timed Up and Go.

IbrahimNIAhmadMSZulfarinaMSActivities of daily living and determinant factors among older adult subjects with lower body fracture after discharge from hospital: a prospective studyInt J Environ Res Public Health20181551002

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