Pretransplant metabolic syndrome and its components predict post-transplantation diabetes mellitus in Chinese patients receiving a first renal transplant

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics and pretransplant metabolic syndrome in PTDM and non-PTDM patients

Variables	PTDM (n=166)	Non-PTDM (n=467)	P-value
Age (years)	54±9	47±12	0.012
Female gender (%)	45.8	46.9	0.901
Smoking (%)	25.9	23.6	0.790
Family history of DM (%)	37.3	19.5	0.035
Hematodialysis (%)	83.1	87.8	0.467
Time to PTDM (months)	5.7±2.4	–	–
HBV positive (%)	14.5	13.1	0.632
HCV positive (%)	8.4	7.7	0.783
Antihypertensive medication (%)	88.6	82.7	0.410
Statin medication (%)	22.9	20.3	0.565
Metabolic syndrome (%)	25.9	14.6	0.014
FPG (mmol/L)	5.6±0.9	4.8±1.1	0.026
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.14±0.19	1.24±0.23	0.015
TG (mmol/L)	1.51±0.39	1.40±0.44	0.098
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.4±4.6	23.1±2.9	0.006
SBP (mmHg)	139±15	141±19	0.362
DBP (mmHg)	87±11	85±13	0.493

Notes: Data are shown as mean ± SD, otherwise indicated. To detect differences between PTDM and non-PTDM patients, the Student’s t-test and chi-squared test were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively.

Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PTDM, post-transplantation diabetes mellitus; TG, triglycerides.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses for prediction of risk factors of PTDM

Variables	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P-value
Age by year	1.07 (1.02–1.12)	0.013
Female gender	1.02 (0.47–2.20)	0.967
Smoking	1.17 (0.54–2.55)	0.691
Family history of DM	2.46 (1.05–5.74)	0.038
Hemodialysis	1.22 (0.89–2.02)	0.521
HBV positive	1.37 (0.60–3.14)	0.453
HCV positive	0.92 (0.31–2.76)	0.885
Antihypertensive medication	1.63 (0.51–5.22)	0.413
Statin medication	1.11 (0.42–2.94)	0.545
Metabolic syndrome	3.50 (1.53–8.25)	0.011	1.28 (1.04–1.51)	0.038
FPG >5.6 mmol/L	2.93 (1.28–6.71)	0.011	1.72 (1.14–2.29)	0.027
HDL <0.9 mmol/L (men), <1.0 mmol/L (women)	2.74 (1.02–7.32)	0.045
TG >1.7 mmol/L	2.17 (0.92–5.12)	0.077
BMI >28 kg/m^2	3.92 (0.99–15.53)	0.052	1.59 (1.10–1.92)	0.036
SBP >130 mmHg or DBP >85 mmHg	2.17 (0.64–7.34)	0.265

Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PTDM, post-transplantation diabetes mellitus; TG, triglycerides.

Table 3 Cox proportional hazards model for prediction of pretransplant risk factors of PTDM

Variables	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P-value
Age by year	1.06 (1.02–1.09)	0.012
Female gender	1.02 (0.53–1.98)	0.949
Smoker	1.12 (0.58–2.18)	0.736
Family history of DM	2.07 (1.04–4.10)	0.038
Hemodialysis	1.37 (0.61–2.31)	0.468
HBV positive	1.40 (0.70–2.82)	0.344
HCV positive	0.96 (0.37–2.46)	0.925
Antihypertensive medication	1.50 (0.53–4.25)	0.445
Statin medication	1.10 (0.48–2.53)	0.816
Metabolic syndrome	3.35 (1.69–7.25)	0.006	2.75 (1.45–6.05)	0.021
FPG >5.6 mmol/L	2.60 (1.33–5.08)	0.005
HDL <0.9 mmol/L (men), <1.0 mmol/L (women)	2.45 (1.15–5.25)	0.021
TG >1.7 mmol/L	2.08 (1.03–4.18)	0.040
BMI >28 kg/m^2	2.63 (1.02–6.79)	0.045	3.19 (1.20–8.47)	0.020
SBP >130 mmHg or DBP >85 mmHg	2.03 (0.79–5.23)	0.143

Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PTDM, post-transplantation diabetes mellitus; TG, triglycerides.