Demonstration of an online tool to assist managed care formulary evidence-based decision making: meta-analysis of topical prostaglandin analog efficacy

Figures & data

Figure 1 Forest plots of the differences in intraocular pressure between prostaglandin analogs in individual studies and in the meta-analyses of the pooled data.

Abbreviation: IOP, intraocular pressure.

Table 1 Studies analyzed

Study	Study design	Duration of follow-up	Study population	Prostaglandin analog study arms (n = number of patients included in analysis)
Alagoz et al^Citation4	Single-site RCT	180 days	Adult patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma, visual field defects, and IOP ≥22 mmHg	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 36) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 46)
Arcieri et al^Citation5	Single-site RCT	6 months	Adult patients with POAG, pseudophakic glaucoma, or aphakic glaucoma who needed lower IOP	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 16) Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 15) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 17)
Cantor et al^Citation6	Multicenter RCT	6 months	Adult patients with POAG or OHT and IOP 21–34 mmHg after washout	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 76) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 81)
Cantor et al^Citation7	Single-site RCT	6 months	Adult patients with POAG or OHT and IOP 21–34 mmHg after washout	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 14) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 12)
Cardascia et al^Citation8	Single-site RCT	180 days	POAG patients ages 40–60 years with visual field loss and untreated IOP > 20 mmHg	Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 9) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 9)
Dirks et al^Citation9	Multicenter RCT	3 months	Adult patients with normal-tension glaucoma who needed IOP-lowering therapy	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 33) Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 27)
Gandolfi et al^Citation10	Multicenter RCT	3 months	Adult patients with glaucoma or OHT and IOP 22–34 mmHg after washout	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 109) Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 105)
aHalpern et al^Citation11	Multi-center RCT	48 weeks	Black patients with POAG or glaucoma and IOP 21–36 mmHg	Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 43) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 49)
Kammer et al^Citation12	Multicenter RCT	3 months	Adult patients with glaucoma or OHT who had inadequate IOP control on latanoprost monotherapy	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 128) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 132)
Koz et al^Citation13	Single-site RCT	6 months	Previously untreated adult patients with POAG or OHT and IOP 22–36 mmHg	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 20) Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 20) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 20)
Netland et al^Citation14	Multicenter RCT	1 year	Adults with open-angle glaucoma or OHT and IOP 24–36 mmHg	Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 196) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 200)
Noecker et al^Citation15	Multicenter RCT	6 months	Adults with glaucoma and/or OHT and IOP 22–34 mmHg after washout	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 133) Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 136)
Noecker et al^Citation16	Multicenter RCT	3 months	Black adult patients with POAG or OHT and IOP 22–34 mmHg after washout	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 49) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 45)
Noecker et al^Citation17	Multicenter RCT	3 months	Black adult patients with POAG or OHT and IOP 22–34 mmHg after washout	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 16) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 15)
Parrish et al^Citation18	Multicenter RCT	12 weeks	Adult patients with glaucoma or OHT and IOP ≥ 23 mmHg after washout	Bimatoprost 0.03% QD (n = 136) Latanoprost 0.005% QD (n = 136) Travoprost 0.004% QD (n = 138)
bVarma et al^Citation19	Multicenter RCT	12 weeks	Adult patients with glaucoma or OHT and IOP ≥ 23 mmHg after washout	Bimatoprost 0.03% (n = 137) Latanoprost 0.005% (n = 136) Travoprost 0.004% (n = 138)

a Notes: Subgroup analysis of Netland 2001 study;

b Supplementary analysis of study by Parrish et al.¹⁸

Abbreviations: RCT, randomized controlled trial; IOP, intraocular pressure; QD, once daily; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; OHT, ocular hypertension.

Table 2 Reasons for exclusion of studies from the analyses shown

Study	Reason
Cantor et al^Citation7	Missing error measurement needed for inclusion in meta-analysis of mean IOP Missing change in diurnal IOP data needed for inclusion in analysis of change in diurnal IOP from baseline
Halpern et al^Citation11	Missing mean IOP data from a study visit after 12–26 weeks of treatment that would be needed for inclusion in meta-analysis of mean IOP Missing change in diurnal IOP data needed for inclusion in analysis of change in diurnal IOP from baseline
Netland et al^Citation14	Missing error measurement needed for inclusion in meta-analysis of mean IOP Missing change in diurnal IOP data needed for inclusion in analysis of change in diurnal IOP from baseline
Noecker et al^Citation17	Missing error measurement needed for inclusion in meta-analysis of mean IOP Missing diurnal IOP measurements needed for inclusion in analysis of change in diurnal IOP from baseline
Noecker et al^Citation16	Missing error measurement needed for inclusion in meta-analysis of mean IOP Missing diurnal IOP measurements needed for inclusion in analysis of change in diurnal IOP from baseline
Varma et al^Citation19	This paper reports the same patients/data as Parrish 2003, so it could not be included as an independent data source for the same analyses

Figure 2 Mean change in diurnal intraocular pressure from baseline in individual studies comparing bimatoprost with latanoprost.

Abbreviation: IOP, intraocular pressure.

Figure 3 Forest plot of the difference in the change in diurnal intraocular pressure from baseline between bimatoprost and travoprost in individual studies and in the meta-analysis of the pooled data.

Abbreviation: IOP, intraocular pressure.

Figure 4 Mean change in diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) from baseline in a single study comparing latanoprost with travoprost.

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