External ventricular drainage combined with continuous lumbar drainage in the treatment of ventricular hemorrhage

Figures & data

Table 1 Glasgow outcome scale

Category	Behavior	Score
Death	Severe injury or death without recovery of consciousness	1
Persistent vegetative state	Severe damage with prolonged state of unresponsiveness and a lack of higher mental functions	2
Severe disability	Severe injury with permanent need for help with daily living	3
Moderate disability	No need for assistance in everyday life, employment is possible but may require special equipment	4
Low disability	Light damage with minor neurological and psychological deficit	5

Table 2 Demographic data were compared between the two groups

	N	Gender		Smoke		Alcohol		Mean age (years)
		Male	Female	Yes	No	Yes	No
Study group	35	13	22	11	24	14	21	54.74±11.35
Control group	79	45	34	28	51	30	49	56.30±14.62
x^2/t		3.812		0.174		0.042		0.561
P		0.051		0.677		0.838		0.576

Note: N, Number of patients.

Table 3 GCS scores were compared before surgery and 7 days postoperatively between the two groups

	N	The GCS scores at admission	The GCS scores 7 days postoperatively	t	P	D-value
Study group	35	8.09±2.74	11.80±4.62	5.891	0.000	3.71±3.73
Control group	79	7.62±3.42	9.19±5.47	2.698	0.009	1.57±5.17
t		0.709				2.210
P		0.480				0.029

Note: N, number of patients.

Abbreviation: GCS, Glasgow coma scale.

Table 4 The incidence of intracranial infection and hydrocephalus between the two groups, n (%)

	N	The incidence of intracranial infection	The incidence of hydrocephalus
Study group	35	1(2.9)	2(5.7)
Control group	79	15(19.0)	17(21.5)
x^2		3.979	4.362
P		0.046	0.037

Note: N, numberof patients.

Table 5 GOS scores were compared at follow-up visits and 3-month postdrainage between the two groups

	N	GOS scores	t	P
Study group	35	3.49±1.38	2.104	0.038
Control group	79	2.89±1.41

Note: N, numberof patients.

Abbreviation: GOS, Glasgow outcome scale.