Propofol-based deep sedation for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure in sick elderly patients in a developing country

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of patients, duration of procedure, and indications of procedure

	Group A (n = 109)	Group B (n = 49)	P-value
Age (year) (mean, SD)	63.3 (15.0)	75.1 (9.6)	0.211
Gender (n, %): Male	52 (47.7)	25 (52.0)	0.700
Female	57 (52.3)	24 (49.0)
Weight (kg) (mean, SD)	56.1 (11.3)	55.4 (10.8)	0.427
ASA physical status (n, %)			<0001*
I–II	109 (100.0)	0
III–IV	0	49 (100.0)
Duration of procedure (minutes) (mean, SD)	35.7 (19.3)	38.5 (25.3)	0.063
Indications (n, %)			0.665
Cholelithiasis	59 (54.1)	23 (47.0)
Hepatobiliary tract tumor	31 (28.5)	17 (34.7)
Biliary tract stricture	11 (10.1)	5 (10.2)
Others	8 (7.3)	3 (6.1)

Notes: Group A: ASA physical status I–II; Group B: ASA physical status III–IV.

* Considered to be statistically significant.

Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Success rate and sedative/analgesic agents used in both groups

	Group A (n = 109)	Group B (n = 49)	P-value
Success rate (n, %)	101 (92.7)	46 (93.9)	0.781
Sedative/analgesic agents (mean, SD)
Fentanyl
mg/kg	0.001 (0.000)	0.001 (0.000)	0.717
mg/kg/h	0.002 (0.001)	0.002 (0.001)	0.139
Propofol
mg/kg	3.87 (2.47)	3.20 (1.94)	0.210
mg/kg/h	7.00 (3.84)	5.89 (3.40)	0.100
Midazolam
mg/kg	0.03 (0.01)	0.02 (0.01)	0.297
mg/kg/h	0.06 (0.05)	0.05 (0.04)	0.167

Notes: Group A: ASA physical status I–II; Group B: ASA physical status III–IV.

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

Table 3 Sedation-related adverse events (n, %)

	Group A (n = 109)	Group B (n = 49)	P-value
Overall	29 (26.6)	14 (28.6)	0.797
Respiratory	6 (5.5)	2 (4.1)	0.706
Hypoxia
(SpO2 < 90%)	2 (1.8)	1 (2.0)	0.930
Upper airway obstruction	4 (3.7)	1 (2.0)	0.589
Cardiovascular	23 (21.1)	12 (24.5)	0.635
Hypotension	20 (18.3)	12 (24.5)	0.374
Bradycardia	3 (2.8)	0	0.241

Notes: Group A: ASA physical status I–II; Group B: ASA physical status III–IV.

Abbreviation: SpO₂, oxygen saturation.