Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) for Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographics and Baseline Characteristics of Patients

Variable	All Patients with CAD (n=1454)	NLR >2.5	NLR ≤2.5	p Value
		(N = 432)	(N = 1022)
Age	65.6 ± 10.2	68.5 ± 10.3	58.3 ± 11.2	0.001
Gender				0.191
Female	513	181	332
Male	941	251	690
Body mass index (kg/m2)	27.6 ± 4.3	30.6 ± 3.2	25.4 ± 2.8	0.004
Clinical Presentation				0.008
Stable angina	852	282	570
Acute coronary syndrome	602	150	452
Previous Myocardial Infarction				0.483
Yes	379	79	300
No	1075	353	722
Previous Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery				0.471
Yes	354	104	250
No	1100	328	772
Smoking Status				0.024
Minimal/never	542	270	272
Current/former	912	162	750
Extent of Coronary Artery Disease				0.181
1-vessel disease	305	101	204
2-vessel disease	422	120	302
3-vessel disease	727	211	516
Multivessel Disease				0.352
Yes	828	252	576
No	626	180	446
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	2.4 ± 3.4	2.87 ± 3.12	2.24 ± 2.8	0.012
GGT (U/L)	22.4 ± 16.5	57.3 ± 17.3	21.4 ± 20.4	0.001
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.95 ± 0.53	1.12 ± 0.42	0.9 ± 0.32	0.003
Estimated GFR (mL/min)	78.6 ± 6.7	86.4 ± 7.4	75.3 ± 6.8	0.002
T2DM				0.001
Yes	628	255	373
No	826	177	649

Note: Data are presented as n (%) or median (range).

Table 2 Patients’ Characteristics After Propensity Score Matching

Variable	NLR >2.5	NLR ≤2.5	p Value
	(N = 242)	(N = 242)
Age	62.1 ± 8.6	63.5 ± 7.5	0.763
Gender			0.876
Female	102	110
Male	140	132
Body mass index (kg/m2)	26.4 ± 3.1	27.0 ± 2.9	0.64
Clinical Presentation			0.831
Stable angina	182	190
Acute coronary syndrome	60	52
Previous Myocardial Infarction			0.374
Yes	57	72
No	185	170
Previous Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery			0.672
Yes	66	79
No	178	163
Smoking Status			0.231
Minimal/Never	114	130
Current/Former	128	112
Extent of Coronary Artery Disease			0.704
1-vessel disease	60	70
2-vessel disease	85	83
3-vessel disease	97	89
Multivessel Disease			0.496
Yes	170	154
No	72	88
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	2.45 ± 2.49	2.38 ± 2.75	0.418
GGT (U/L)	31.2 ± 16.9	29.8 ± 17.1	0.219
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.94 ± 0.29	0.92 ± 0.25	0.193
Estimated GFR (mL/min)	77.2 ± 7.5	76.8 ± 6.3	0.549

Figure 1 Study flow chart.

Figure 2 (A) Overall survival (OS) for different groups divided by NLR before propensity score matching (p=0.187); (B) Overall survival (OS) for different groups divided by NLR after propensity score matching (p=0.001).

Figure 3 Cox proportional hazards models were used to quantify the prognostic significance of risk factors after multivariable adjustment.