The Value of Chinese Version GAD-7 and PHQ-9 to Screen Anxiety and Depression in Chinese Outpatients with Atypical Chest Pain

Figures & data

Table 1 Anxiety and Depression Evaluated by Different Self-Rating Scales

	GAD-7		SAS		PHQ-9		SDS
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Without anxiety ^a	46	37.70%	90	73.80%
Anxiety total ^c	76	62.30%	32	26.20%
Low level	31	25.40%	23	18.90%
Moderate level	26	21.30%	6	4.90%
High level	19	15.60%	3	2.50%
Without depression ^b					47	38.50%	86	70.50%
Depression total ^d					75	61.50%	36	29.50%
Low level					43	35.20%	26	21.30%
Moderate level					20	16.40%	7	5.70%
High level					12	9.80%	3	2.50%

Notes: ^aP < 0.05 patients with anxiety assessed by GAD-7 when compared to those by SAS. ^bP < 0.05 patients with depression assessed by PHQ-9 when compared to those by SDS. ^c P < 0.05 different anxiety levels assessed by GAD-7 when compared to those by SAS. ^dP < 0.05 different depression levels assessed by PHQ-9 when compared to those by SDS.

Table 2 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Patients with Mental Diseases Assessed by GAD-7 and PHQ-9

	Anxiety and/or Depression (n=89)	Both Negative (n=33)	P
Age (M±SD)	50.70±10.21	52.67±11.69	0.397
Female (n, %)	57 (64)	22 (66.7)	0.843
SBP (mmHg) (M±SD)	130.73±12.43	131.36±17.59	0.825
DBP (mmHg) (M±SD)	75.13±10.84	75.03±10.45	0.961
HR (beats/min) (M±SD)	78.65±13.85	80.84±10.39	0.416
Residence (n, %)			0.066
City	34 (38.2)	19 (57.6)
Rural	55 (61.8)	14 (42.4)
Marital status (n, %)			0.514
Single	8 (9.1)	1 (3.1)
Married	77 (86.5)	30 (90.9)
Divorced/Widowed	4 (4.4)	2 (6.1)
Life situation (n, %)			0.757
Alone	12 (13.6)	3 (9.4)
With others	77 (86.4)	30 (90.6)
Monthly family income (n, %)			0.134
Less than 4000RMB	65 (72.7)	21 (62.5)
4000–8000RMB	16 (18.2)	11 (34.4)
More than 8000RMB	8 (9.1)	1 (3.1)
Occupation (n, %)			0.686
Employed/student	50 (56.2)	20 (60.6)
Unemployed	39 (43.8)	13 (39.4)
Education (n, %)			0.182
Elementary	42 (47.3)	18 (54.5)
Middle/high school	46 (51.6)	13 (39.4)
University or higher	1 (1.1)	2 (6.1)

Abbreviations: RMB, the renminbi is the currency of the People’s Republic of China; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate.

Table 3 Clinical Manifestations of Patients

	Anxiety and/or Depression (n=89)		Both Negative (n=33)		P
Chest distress (n, %)	48	53.9	15	46.9	0.54
Palpitation (n, %)	24	27	4	12.5	0.142
Dyspnea (n, %)	24	27	5	15.6	0.235
Headache/Dizziness (n, %)	13	14.6	8	25	0.186
Sleep disorder (n, %)	73	83	20	62.5	0.03

Figure 1 Abnormality in each item of GAD-7 and PHQ-9. (A) The percentage of abnormality of each item in GAD-7. The items were as follows: 1. Feeling nervous, anxious or on edge? 2. Not being able to stop or control worrying? 3. Worrying too much about different things? 4. Trouble relaxing? 5. Being so restless that it is hard to sit still? 6. Becoming easily annoyed or irritable? 7. Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen? (B) The percentage of abnormality in each item of PHQ-9. The items were as follows: 1. Little interest or pleasure in doing things? 2. Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless? 3. Trouble falling or staying asleep, or sleeping too much? 4. Feeling tired or having little energy? 5. Poor appetite or overeating? 6. Feeling bad about yourself or that you are a failure or have let yourself or your family down? 7. Trouble concentrating on things, such as reading the newspaper or watching television? 8. Moving or speaking so slowly that other people could have noticed? Or the opposite being so fidgety or restless that you have been moving around a lot more than usual? 9. Thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself in some way? (C) Number of patients with item 9 score which was greater than 0. (D) Total scores of PHQ-9 in different item 9 scores.