Clinical management and therapeutic outcome of infertile couples in southeast Nigeria

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of the female and male participants

Variables	Female, n (%)	Male, n (%)
Age (years)
<20	2 (0.9)	0 (0)
20–29	50 (22.9)	8 (3.7)
30–39	138 (63.3)	152 (69.7)
40 or more	28 (12.8)	58 (26.6)
Parity
Nulliparous	127 (58.3)	N/A
Primiparous	57 (26.1)	N/A
Multiparous	32 (14.7)	N/A
Grand multiparous	2 (0.9)	N/A
Educational level
Primary	34 (15.6)	20 (9.2)
Secondary	87 (39.9)	143 (65.6)
Tertiary	90 (41.3)	55 (25.2)

Abbreviation: N/A, not applicable.

Table 2 Outcome of infertility investigations and diagnosis

Diagnosis	n (%)
Female
Tubal assessment n=211
Normal	159 (72.9)
Bilateral tubal blockage	6 (2.8)
Unilateral tubal blockage	34 (15.6)
Unilateral hydrosalpinx	4 (1.8)
Bilateral hydrosalpinx	8 (3.7)
Uterine assessment n=218
Normal	167 (76.6)
Fibroid	34 (15.6)
Uterine synechia	17 (7.8)
Ovulation failure assessment n=218
Normal	161 (73.9)
Hyperprolactinaemia	30 (13.8)
Premature ovarian failure	5 (2.3)
PCOS	22 (10.1)
Male n=218
Normal	113 (51.8)
Oligozoospermia	21 (9.6)
Azoospermia	3 (1.4)
Asthenozoospermia	18 (8.3)
Teratozoospermia	7 (3.2)
Oligoasthenozoospermia	9 (4.1)
Oligoteratozoospermia	5 (2.3)
Asthenoteratozoospermia	7 (3.2)
Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia	4 (1.8)
Genital (seminal) infection	31 (14.2)

Abbreviation: PCOS, polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Table 3 Treatment options offered to the women after infertility investigation/diagnosis

Treatment (n=168)	n (%)
No treatment (counseling/reassurance)	19 (11.3)
Referred for adoption/IVF	47 (27.9)
Ovulation induction with CC only	15 (8.9)
Ovulation induction with bromocriptine only	21 (12.5)
Ovulation induction with CC and metformin	2 (1.2)
Ovulation induction with CC and bromocriptine	2 (1.2)
Ovulation induction with CC, metformin, and bromocriptine	1 (0.6)
Antibiotics for genital infections	12 (7.1)
Myomectomy	19 (11.3)
Tubal surgery (salpingostomy)	2 (1.2)
Adhesiolysis	13 (7.7)
Referred (husbands) to urologists	15 (8.9)

Abbreviations: CC, clomiphene citrate; IVF, in vitro fertilization.

Table 4 Treatment options offered to male partners (n=168) of women managed for infertility

Treatment*	n (%)
No treatment (counseling/reassurance)	26 (15.1)
Antibiotics for genital infections	94 (54.7)
Hormonal therapy	15 (8.7)
Referred for assisted conception (IVF)	37 (21.5)

Note:

* More than one treatment may have been offered.

Abbreviation: IVF, in vitro fertilization.

Table 5 Determinants of pregnancy following conventional treatment among the infertile couples

Variables	Pregnancy		OR	P-value	95% CI
	Yes: n (%)	No: n (%)
Age of the woman (years)
≤30	13 (23.2)	43 (76.8)	2.963	0.009*	1.309–6.705
>30	15 (9.3)	147 (90.7)
Infertility type
Primary	9 (14.5)	53 (85.5)	1.224	0.643	0.521–2.877
Secondary	19 (12.2)	137 (87.8)
Infertility duration
<5 years	23 (16.8)	114 (83.2)	3.067	0.030*	1.117–8.418
5 years and above	5 (6.2)	76 (93.8)
Who is responsible
Female	16 (22.9)	54 (77.1)	2.691	0.018*	1.190–6.090
Male or both	12 (9.9)	109 (90.1)

Note:

* Statistically significant.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.