Magnitudes of Risk Factors of Venous Thromboembolism and Quality of Anticoagulant Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flow diagram of literature search and study selection.

Table 1 Magnitude of Risk Factors for Thromboembolism in Ethiopia

Studies	Sample Size	Risk Factors	Frequency	Percent (%)
[^Citation22,Citation24,Citation27,Citation35]	842	Advanced age (>60 years)	121	14.37
[^Citation11,Citation20,Citation21,Citation24]	636	Pregnancy-related problems	45	7.08
[^Citation20^–^Citation22,Citation24,Citation27,Citation35]	971	Malignancy or chemotherapy	180	18.54
[^Citation20^–^Citation22,Citation27]	571	Prior history of surgery	121	21.19
[^Citation20]	129	Obesity	5	3.88
[^Citation20,Citation21,Citation24]	484	Lung disease (non-infectious)	104	21.49
[^Citation20^–^Citation22,Citation24,Citation27,Citation35]	971	Prolonged immobilization	401	41.30
[^Citation20^–^Citation22,Citation24,Citation27]	771	Heart failure and myocardial infraction	92	11.93
[^Citation20^–^Citation22,Citation24,Citation27]	771	Prior history of Trauma	29	3.76
[^Citation20,Citation21,Citation24]	484	Neurologic or endocrine disorder	34	7.02
[^Citation20,Citation24]	329	History of major bleeding or blood transfusion	87	26.44
[^Citation20,Citation21,Citation24]	484	Oral contraceptive or HRT use	37	7.64
[^Citation20,Citation21,Citation24,Citation27,Citation35]	890	Previous VTE history or varicose vein	55	6.18
[^Citation21,Citation22,Citation24,Citation27]	569	Acute Infection	229	40.25
[^Citation21,Citation24,Citation27]	561	Others	15	2.67

Notes: Others: History of inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatologic disorder, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and other thrombophilia condition.

Abbreviations: VTE, venous thromboembolism; HRT, hormonal replacement therapy.

Table 2 Quality of Anticoagulant Therapy and Incident of Bleeding in Ethiopia

Name the First Author	Sample Size	Total INR Measurement	INR (<2)	INR (2–3)	INR (>3)	Incident of Bleeding
			n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Liyew^Citation23	338	338	152 (44.97)	112 (33.14)	74 (21.89)	85 (25.15)
Masresha^Citation25	202	703	295 (41.96)	288 (40.97)	120 (17.07)	9 (4.46)
Fenta^Citation26	360	2245	1172 (52.20)	651 (29.00)	422 (18.80)	N/A
Tadesse^Citation28	91	415	204 (49.16)	139 (33.49)	72 (17.35)	8 (8.79)
Teklay^Citation29	133	133	17 (12.78)	41 (30.83)	75 (56.39)	22 (16.54)
Mengistu^Citation30	87	252	121 (48.02)	99 (39.29)	32 (12.60)	14 (16.09)
Total	1211	4086	1944 (47.58)	1330 (32.55)	720 (17.62)	138 (11.40)

Abbreviations: INR, international normalized ratio; N/A, not reported.

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