The Effectiveness of Nigella sativa and Ginger as Appetite Suppressants: An Experimental Study on Healthy Wistar Rats

Figures & data

Table 1 Description of the Experimental Groups and Their Interventions

Group No.	Intervention	No. of Rats	Intervention Dose and Duration
1	Negative control group	5	Basic diet and distilled water-5 days/week for 9 weeks
2	Nigella sativa (NS)	5	1000 mg/kg-5 days/week for 9 weeks
3	Ginger	5	500 mg/kg-5 days/week for 9 weeks
4	NS and Ginger	5	1000 mg/kg NS and 500 mg/kg ginger- 5 days/week for 9 weeks
5	Liraglutide (Saxenda^®) (Positive control)	5	50 μg/kg- 5days/week for 9 weeks

Figure 1 Mean body weight progression of each rat-group during the period of the experiment.

Figure 2 Mean food consumption (g/week) of each rat-group during the period of the experiment.

Table 2 Comparison of Lipid Profile, Hormones and Peptides Involved in the Regulation of the Appetite Among All the Groups Using ANOVA and LSD Post Hoc Test

	Control N = 3	NS N = 5	Ginger N = 5	NS-Ginger N = 5	Liraglutide (Saxenda) N = 5
CCK	434.8±209.3	360.3±84.6	332.6±115.8	485.3±94.5	391.5±111.8
Total cholesterol	1.8±0.4	1.2±0.3* ^p=0.028	1.2±0.4* ^p=0.021	1.4±0.5	1.1±0.1** ^p=0.008
HDL	1.3±0.1	2.7±0.5* ^p=0.008	1.5±0.6	2.5±0.6* ^p=0.021	1.8±0.9
Triglycerides	0.6±0.2	0.4±0.2	0.3±0.2	0.6±0.2	0.4±0.1
GLP-1	354.2±355.3	702.1±463.9	425.8±523.1	167.1±34.9	142.7±53.6
Ghrelin	3.0±0.0	3.3±0.1* ^p=0.034	3.1±0.3	3.3±0.2 ^P=0.055	3.2±0.2
GIP	5. 8±4.2	3.8±0.6	4.4±0.8	3. 8±1.3	3.9±0.1
Peptide YY	93.5±17. 8	78.6±21.5	66.5±23.1	63.3±16.1	72.0±22.1
Orexin	721.0±141.9	604.2±95.5	475.7±152.0* ^p=0.022	591.5±96.3	615.5±162.0

Notes: *P<0.05, **P<0.01.

Abbreviations: CCK, cholecystokinin; HDL, high density lipoprotein; GLP-1, glucagon like peptide-1; GIP, gastric inhibitory polypeptide.