The Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy on Health Literacy and Social Support in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI

Figures & data

Table 1 Univariate Analysis of Health Literacy in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with PCI (N=325)

Items	Groups	N (%)	Health Literacy	t/F	P
Gender	Male	246(75.7)	62.91±7.65	−5.366	<0.001
	Female	79(24.3)	67.87±5.24
Age	18–44(years old)	116(35.7)	59.70±6.88	−8.883	<0.001
	45–59(years old)	209(64.3)	66.57±6.58
BMI	① <18.5	8(2.5)	62.50±7.59	0.292	0.747
	② 18.5–24.9	165(50.8)	63.98±7.61
	③ ≥25	152(46.8)	64.36±7.45
Live	City	259(79.7)	66.97±7.64	−3.544	<0.001
	Countryside	66(20.3)	63.39±6.07
Occupants	① Spouse	205(63.1)	64.64±7.18	11.200	<0.001
	② Children/parents/grandparents	94(28.9)	64.76±7.80
	③ Others	26(8.0)	57.69±7.45
Education	① Primary school and below	23(7.1)	61.57±5.95	2.705	0.045
Attainment	② Junior high school	154(47.4)	64.47±8.09
	③ High school/secondary school	114(35.1)	63.41±6.74
	④ College/equivalent	34(10.5)	66.65±6.95
Marital status	Married	277(85.2)	64.83±7.33	4.238	<0.001
	Single (includes divorced, widowed, separated)	48(14.8)	60.02±6.86
Number of children	① One	73(22.5)	64.29±7.39	4.620	0.004
	② Two	169(52.0)	64.73±7.37
	③ Three	58(17.8)	61.09±7.26
	④ More than four	25(7.7)	66.52±6.92
Occupation	① Public officials	32(9.8)	65.25±7.82	1.374	0.251
	② Enterprises and institutions	104(32.0)	63.04±8.22
	③ Workers	82(25.2)	64.04±6.67
	④ Farmers/Others	107(32.9)	64.90±7.06
Income status	① <2000	30(9.2)	58.80±4.21	16.082	<0.001
(RMB/month)	② 2000–4000	175(53.8)	62.95±7.20
	③ 4001–5000	101(31.1)	67.64±7.33
	④ >5000	19(5.8)	64.58±6.31
Medical insurance	① Employee medical insurance	120(36.9)	67.84±8.34	29.298	<0.001
	② Urban and rural medical insurance	179(55.1)	62.25±5.83
	③ Self-paying/Others	26(8.0)	59.85±5.88
Smoking	No	212(65.2)	65.25±7.00	3.825	<0.001
	Yes	113(34.8)	62.00±7.82
Drinking	No	240(73.8)	64.58±7.30	1.875	0.062
	Yes	85(26.2)	62.82±7.73
Disease course	<1	63(19.4)	62.51±7.61	4.631	0.010
(years)	1–5	161(49.5)	65.35±7.10
	>5	101(31.1)	63.16±7.62
Number of health	No	66(20.3)	60.24±6.77	−4.905	<0.001
Problems	More than one	259(79.7)	65.11±7.30
Number of stents	① One	104(32.0)	61.59±7.51	10.512	<0.001
Implanted	② Two	173(53.2)	65.70±6.97
	③ More than three	48(14.8)	63.92±7.59
Family history of CHD	Yes	28(8.6)	67.21±7.01	2.316	0.021
	No	297(91.4)	63.83±7.43

Table 2 Scores of Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy and Comprehension of Social Support (N=325)

Items/Entries	Min	Max	Dimension Score	Dimensions Divided	Sort
Information access (9)	9	27	17.46±3.70	1.92±0.41	4
Communication/interaction ability (9)	20	34	26.96±3.50	2.99±0.39	2
Willingness to improve health (4)	10	20	14.80±2.29	3.70±0.57	1
Financial support (2)	2	9	4.90±1.39	2.45±0.69	3
Health Literacy (24)	49	79	64.12±7.45	2.67±0.31
Family support (4)	15	28	22.13±2.93	5.53±0.73	1
Friend support (4)	11	34	21.58±3.79	5.39±0.95	3
Others support (4)	15	32	21.82±3.36	5.45±0.84	2
Social Support (12)	49	80	65.53±6.43	5.46±0.54
Self-Efficacy (10)	16	38	27.71±4.23	2.77±0.43

Table 3 Correlation Among of Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy and Social Support (N=325)

Variables	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. Information access	1
2. Communication/interaction ability	0.26**	1
3. Willingness to improve health	0.20*	0.39**	1
4. Financial support	0.26**	0.26**	0.30**	1
5. Health Literacy	0.72**	0.762**	0.64**	0.53**	1
6. Self-Efficacy	0.40**	0.29**	0.33**	0.23**	0.47**	1
7. Social Support	0.21**	0.26**	0.39**	0.25**	0.39**	0.38**	1

Notes: *P<0.05, **P<0.01.

Table 4 Results of Process Distribution Regression Mediation Effect Test (N=325)

Steps	Dependent Variable	In Dependent Variable	R^2	R-sq	F	β	t
Model 1	Health Literacy	Social Support	0.41	0.17	65.06***	0.474	8.066***
Model 2	Self-efficacy	Social Support	0.37	0.13	49.50***	0.240	7.036***
Model 3	Health Literacy	Social Support	0.53	0.28	63.74***	0.320	5.452***
		Self-efficacy				0.644	7.219***

Note: ***P<0.001.

Table 5 Results of the Bootstrap Mediation Effect Test (N=325)

Effect Relationship	Effect Size	LLCI	ULCI	Utility Percentage
Total effect	0.48	0.36	0.59
Direct effects	0.32	0.21	0.44	67%
Indirect effects	0.16	0.10	0.22	33%

Figure 1 Diagram of the mediation effect model.

Note: ***P<0.001.