Cross-Sectional Relationship Between Atrial Conduction Delay and Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of the Participants

Age, Years	52.3 ± 13.1
Men, n (%)	267 (89.0)
BMI, kg/m^2	26.2 ± 3.9
Current smokers, n (%)	67 (22.3)
Habitual drinkers, n (%)	197 (65.7)
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	131.4 ± 17.2
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	83.4 ± 10.1
Mean blood pressure, mmHg	99.4 ± 11.4
Heart rate, /min	70.6 ± 12.3
Total cholesterol, mg/dl	197.6 ± 36.5
Triglycerides, mg/dl	169.0 ± 131.2
HDL cholesterol, mg/dl	47.9 ± 13.3
Fasting blood glucose, mg/dl	101.3 ± 20.9
HbA1c, %	5.6 ± 3.0
eGFR, mL/min/1.73m^2	78.0 ± 15.3
CRP, mg dl	0.27 ± 1.26
Calcium channel blockers, n (%)	57 (19.0)
ACE-I/ARB, n (%)	53 (17.7)
Beta blockers, n (%)	20 (6.7)
Statins, n (%)	24 (8.0)

Abbreviations: ACE-I, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; HDL, high density lipoprotein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycohemoglobin A1c; high density lipoprotein.

Table 2 Sleep Study Data

Total Sleep Time, Min	352.5 ± 69.7
% of slow wave sleep, % of total sleep time	9.3 ± 8.0
% of REM sleep, % of total sleep time	11.2 ± 5.9
Arousal index, /h	34.3 (24.9)
AHI, /h	31.8 (27.9)
Mean SO2, %	95.7 ± 3.9
Lowest SO2, %	77.5 ± 11.2

Abbreviations: AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; REM, rapid eye movement; SO₂, oxyhaemoglobin saturation.

Table 3 Significant Correlates with the PWD Other Than CAVI in Univariable Analyses

	Correlation Coefficient	P
Age	0.406	< 0.001
Mean blood pressure	0.242	< 0.001
eGFR	−0.289	< 0.001
Mean SO2	−0.099	0.088
Natural log-transformed AHI	0.157	0.007

Abbreviations: AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; CAVI, cardio-ankle vascular index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; PWD, P-wave duration; SO₂, oxyhaemoglobin saturation.

Table 4 Significant Correlates with the PWD in Multivariable Analysis

	B	95% CI	Partial Correlation Coefficient	P
Age	0.111	−0.007, 0.230	0.121	0.066
Mean blood pressure	0.111	0.021, 0.200	0.125	0.033
eGFR	−0.046	−0.126, 0.034	−0.066	0.258
Mean SO2	−0.111	−0.386, 0.163	−0.099	0.426
Natural log-transformed AHI	0.529	−0.505, 1.563	0.058	0.315
CAVI	2.393	1.232, 9.553	0.285	< 0.001

Abbreviations: AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; CAVI, cardio-ankle vascular index; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; PWD, P-wave duration; SO₂, oxyhaemoglobin saturation.

Figure 1 Scatter plots of the PWD and CAVI.