Perceptions of barriers to cardiac rehabilitation use in Brazil

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of respondents by cohort and CR participation status, n = 628

Characteristic	Cohorts			Total (n = 628; 100%)
	Luzerna (n = 391; 62.3%)	Florianopolis CR attendees (n = 139; 22.1%)	Florianopolis CR nonattendees (n = 98; 15.6%)
Sociodemographic†
Age, years (mean ± SD)	64.6 ± 12.9	62.7 ± 9.1	64.09 ± 14.4	64.07 ± 12.4
Sex, female n (%)	276 (70.6%)	0 (0%)	81 (82.7%)	357 (56.8%)**
Clinical§ n (%)
Hypertension	391 (100%)	60 (43.2%)	55 (56.1%)	506 (81.4%)*
Diabetes	15 (4%)	41 (29.5%)	21 (21.4%)	77 (12.3%)**
Previous MI	83 (21.2%)	46 (33.1%)	30 (30.6%)	159 (25.3%)*

Notes: Significant differences between cohorts,

* P < 0.01;

** P < 0.001;

† self-reported;

§ extracted from medical chart.

Abbreviations: CR, cardiac rehabilitation; MI, myocardial infarction.

Table 2 Mean CRBS item scores/subscales for respondents by cohort and CR participation status, N = 628

CRBS item/subscale (mean ± SD)	Cohorts			Total (n = 628; 100%)
	Luzerna (n = 391; 62.3%)	Florianopolis CR attendees (n = 139; 22.1%)	Florianopolis nonattendees (n = 489; 15.6%)
… of distance	1.88 ± 1.5	1.81 ± 1.4	2.96 ± 1.8	2.03 ± 1.6**,b,c
… of cost	1.53 ± 1.1	2.22 ± 1.5	2.61 ± 1.7	1.86 ± 1.4**,a–c
… of transportation problems	1.48 ± 1.0	1.45 ± 1.2	2.58 ± 1.7	1.64 ± 1.3**,b,c
… of family responsibilities	2.08 ± 1.6	1.41 ± 1.0	1.80 ± 1.2	1.89 ± 1.4**,a,c
… I didn’t know about CR	1.28 ± 0.7	1.70 ± 1.4	2.70 ± 1.8	1.60 ± 1.2**,a–c
… I don’t need CR	1.32 ± 0.8	1.27 ± 0.8	1.99 ± 1.2	1.41 ± 0.9**,b,c
… I already exercise at home, or in my community	2.10 ± 1.5	1.21 ± 0.7	1.72 ± 1.1	1.84 ± 1.4**,a–c
… severe weather	1.42 ± 1.0	1.25 ± 0.8	1.63 ± 1.0	1.42 ± 0.9*,b,c
… I find exercise tiring or painful	1.62 ± 1.2	1.60 ± 1.2	2.47 ± 1.5	1.75 ± 1.3**,b,c
… travel	1.38 ± 0.9	2.28 ± 1.4	1.82 ± 1.1	1.65 ± 1.1**,a–c
… of time constraints	1.99 ± 1.5	1.53 ± 1.2	1.73 ± 1.1	1.85 ± 1.4*,a
… of work responsibilities	2.19 ± 1.6	1.88 ± 1.4	1.62 ± 1.0	2.03 ± 1.5*,a,b
… I don’t have the energy	1.73 ± 1.3	1.44 ± 1.1	2.40 ± 1.6	1.77 ± 1.3**,a–c
… other health problems prevent me from going	1.89 ± 1.4	1.53 ± 1.2	2.36 ± 1.5	1.88 ± 1.4**,a–c
… I am too old	1.36 ± 0.9	1.17 ± 0.6	1.65 ± 0.9	1.36 ± 0.8**,a–c
… my doctor did not feel it was necessary	1.25 ± 0.7	1.48 ± 1.2	2.66 ± 1.7	1.52 ± 1.1**,a–c
… many people with heart problems don’t go, and they are fine	1.30 ± 0.7	1.27 ± 0.8	1.99 ± 1.2	1.40 ± 0.9**,b,c
… I can manage my heart problem on my own	1.39 ± 0.9	1.30 ± 0.8	2.05 ± 1.2	1.47 ± 1.0**,b,c
… I think I was referred, but the rehab program didn’t contact me	1.26 ± 0.7	1.10 ± 0.6	1.13 ± 0.5	1.20 ± 0.6
… it took too long to get referred and into the program	1.26 ± 0.7	1.06 ± 0.4	1.13 ± 0.6	1.19 ± 0.6
… I prefer to take care of my health alone, not in a group	1.33 ± 0.8	1.27 ± 0.9	1.63 ± 1.2	1.36 ± 0.9*,b,c
Total	1.63 ± 0.6	1.48 ± 0.5	2.03 ± 0.6	1.66 ± 0.6**,a–c
Subscale 1 Comorbidities/functional status	1.52 ± 0.6	1.36 ± 0.6	2.02 ± 0.9	1.56 ± 0.7**,a–c
Subscale 2 Perceived need	1.46 ± 0.6	1.48 ± 0.9	2.33 ± 1.1	1.60 ± 0.8**,b,c
Subscale 3 Personal/family issues	1.86 ± 0.9	1.30 ± 0.6	1.86 ± 0.8	1.73 ± 0.8**,a,c
Subscale 4 Travel/work conflicts	1.78 ± 1.0	2.07 ± 1.2	1.72 ± 0.8	1.83 ± 1.0*,a,c
Subscale 5 access	1.48 ± 0.8	1.55 ± 0.7	1.96 ± 0.78	1.57 ± 0.8**,b,c

Notes: The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level between the following cohorts:

a Luzerna and Florianopolis CR attendees;

b Luzerna and Florianopolis CR nonattendees;

c Florianopolis CR attendees and nonattendees. Significant differences by cohort:

* P < 0.01;

** P < 0.001.

Abbreviations: CRBS, Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale; CR, cardiac rehabilitation; SD, standard deviation.