Figures & data
Figure 1 Normal changes in FEV1 (solid line) and FVC (dashed line) for men (M) and women (F). Reproduced with permission from Janssens JP, Pache JC, Nicod LP. Physiological changes in respiratory function associated with ageing. Eur Respir J. 1999;13(1):197–205.Citation14 Copyright © 1999 European Respiratory Journals Ltd.
Figure 2 The decline in lung function with age, smoking, and smoking cessation. Note that the decline in lung function among “susceptible” smokers will be variable. Reproduced with permission from Fletcher C, Peto R. The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction. Br Med J. 1977;1(6077):1645–1648.Citation13 Copyright © 1977 British Medical Association.
Figure 3 The role of exacerbations in accelerating lung function decline. Exacerbations (indicated by red arrows) punctuate and hasten lung function decline. Hansel TT, Barnes PJ. New drugs for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet. 2009;374(9691):744–755.83 Copyright © 2009 Elsevier.
Figure 4 The decline in lung function in COPD patients treated with placebo, salmeterol (SAL), fluticasone (FP), and combination salmeterol/fluticasone (SFC). *Indicates significantly different compared to placebo. Reproduced with permission from Celli BR, Thomas NE, Anderson JA, et al. Effect of pharmacotherapy on rate of decline of lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from the TORCH study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;178(4):332–338.Citation38 Copyright © 2008 American Thoracic Society.
