High prevalence of multidrug-resistant MRSA in a tertiary care hospital of northern India

Figures & data

Table 1 Resistance pattern of MRSA against various antimicrobials and its relative distribution in OPDs and wards

Antimicrobials	Overall resistance (n = 301)	Resistance in OPDs (n = 187)	Resistance in wards (n = 114)
Penicillin	97% (292)	96.79% (181)	97.37% (111)
Gentamicin	55.81% (168)	55.6% (104)	56.14% (64)
Tobramycin	53.49% (161)	54.01% (101)	52.63% (60)
Amikacin	41.53% (125)	40.64% (76)	42.98% (49)
Netilmicin	65.78% (198)	65.24% (122)	66.67% (76)
Norfloxacin^a	90.7% (273)	90.91% (170)	90.35% (103)
Ciprofloxacin	75.75% (228)	76.47% (143)	75.56% (85)
Chloramphenicol	92.36% (278)	90.91% (170)	94.74% (108)
Erythromycin	68.77% (207)	66.31% (124)	72.81% (83)
Tetracycline	76.1% (229)	73.79% (138)	79.82% (91)
Trimethoprim/Sulphamethoxazole	95.68% (288)	94.12% (176)	98.25% (112)
Nitrofurantoin^a	58.14% (175)	60.43% (113)	54.4% (62)
Vancomycin	0.33% (1)	0%	0.88% (1)
Cefoperazone/Sulbactam	65.12% (196)	67.91% (127)	60.53% (69)

Note:

a Test done only for urine isolates.

Abbreviations: MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylcoccus aureus; OPD, outpatient departments.

Table 2 Multidrug resistance* in MRSA

Resistance to	MRSA (n = 301)
More than three nonvancomycin antimicrobials	45.18% (136)
All antimicrobials except vancomycin	22.25% (67)
All antimicrobials except vancomycin and cefoperazone/sulbactam	4.31% (13)
All antimicrobials	0.033% (1)
Total multidrug resistance	72.1% (217)

Note:

* MRSA strains which were resistant to three or more than three antibiotics tested were considered to be multidrug-resistant MRSA.

Abbreviation: MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylcoccus aureus.

Table 3 Frequency of S. aureus and MRSA in specimens

Clinical specimens	S. aureus(n = 783)	MRSA (n = 301)
Pus and wound specimens	68.9% (540)	42.2% (228)
Blood	2.9% (23)	34.8% (8)
Respiratory specimens	3.3% (26)	34.6% (9)
Mid stream	20.0 % (157)	26.7% (42)
Catheterized	2.4% (19)	63.1% (12)
Urine
Bone aspirate	1.0% (8)	12.5% (1)
CSF, ascetic fluid, EPF, HVS	1.3% (10)	10% (1)

Abbreviations: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; EPF, expressed prostatic fluid; HVS, high vaginal swab; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylcoccus aureus.