Incidence of thromboembolic stroke and of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease treated with and without warfarin

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline characteristics for patients with chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation treated with and without warfarin

Variable	Warfarin (N = 232)	No warfarin (N = 167)	Pvalue
Women	67 (29%)	61 (37%)	Not significant
Men	165 (71%)	106 (63%)	Not significant
Age (years)	73 ± 12	77 ± 11	<0.001
GFR 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m^2	115 (50%)	85 (51%)	Not significant
GFR 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m^2	39 (17%)	28 (17%)	Not significant
GFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m^2	78 (34%)	54 (32%)	Not significant
Hemodialysis	51 (22%)	42 (25%)	Not significant
Renal transplant	15 (6%)	5 (3%)	Not significant
Aspirin	92 (40%)	73 (44%)	Not significant
Prior stroke or TIA	19 (8%)	13 (8%)	Not significant
Coronary artery disease	145 (63%)	103 (62%)	Not significant
Valvular heart disease	46 (20%)	23 (14%)	Not significant
Peripheral arterial disease	15 (6%)	19 (11%)	Not significant
Smoking	64 (28%)	42 (25%)	Not significant
Hypertension	148 (64%)	114 (68%)	Not significant
Diabetes mellitus	108 (47%)	66 (40%)	Not significant
Dyslipidemia	156 (67%)	109 (65%)	Not significant
Follow-up (months)	31 ± 34	23 ± 30	<0.01

Abbreviations: GFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TIA, transient ischemic attack.

Table 2 Incidence of thromboembolic stroke and of major bleeding during follow-up of patients with chronic kidney disease with atrial fibrillation treated with and without warfarin

Variable	Warfarin (N = 232)	No warfarin (N = 167)	Pvalue
New stroke	21 (9%)	43 (26%)	<0.001
Major bleeding	32 (14%)	15 (9%)	Not significant

Table 3 Stepwise cox regression analysis for thromboembolic stroke

Parameter	Coefficient	Standard error	Pvalue	Odds ratio	95% Confidence interval
Warfarin	−1.2765	0.2927	<0.0001	0.2790	0.1572, 0.4952
Prior stroke or TIA	1.0566	0.4277	<0.05	2.8766	1.2439, 6.6520

Abbreviation: TIA, transient ischemic attack.

Table 4 Incidence of thromboembolic stroke for different glomerular filtration rates and for hemodialysis patients treated with and without warfarin

Variable	Warfarin	No warfarin	Pvalue
Hemodialysis patients	5/51 (10%)	16/42 (38%)	<0.005
GFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m^2	8/78 (10%)	20/54 (37%)	<0.001
GFR 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m^2	2/39 (5%)	6/28 (21%)	<0.05
GFR 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m^2	11/115 (10%)	17/85 (20%)	<0.05

Abbreviation: GFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Table 5 Types of major bleeding episodes in patients treated with and without warfarin

Major bleeding episode	Warfarin (N = 32)	No warfarin (N = 15)	Pvalue
Transfusion for gastrointestinal bleeding	11 (34%)	6 (40%)	Not significant
Intracerebral bleeding	11 (34%)	3 (20%)	Not significant
Transfusion for hemoptysis	3 (9%)	0 (0%)	Not significant
Transfusion for retroperitoneal hematoma	3 (9%)	1 (7%)	Not significant
Transfusion for intraperitoneal bleeding	2 (6%)	0 (0%)	Not significant
Transfusion for bleeding of unknown cause	2 (6%)	3 (20%)	Not significant
Transfusion for abdominal wall hematoma	0 (0%)	1 (7%)	Not significant
Transfusion for pelvic hemorrhage	0 (0%)	1 (7%)	Not significant