Multidisciplinary management of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents

Figures & data

Table 1 Diagnostic tests for impaired glucose regulation and diagnosis of diabetes^5,32

	Test
	Fasting blood glucose,amg/dL (mmol/L)	2-h plasma glucose,bmg/dL (mmol/L)	Hemoglobin A1c
Normal	<100 (<5.6)	<140 (<7.8)	–
Impaired fasting glucose	100–125 (5.6–6.9)	–	–
Impaired glucose tolerance	–	140–199 (7.8–11.0)	–
Diabetes	≥126 (≥7.0)	≥200 (≥11.1)	≥6.5

Notes:

a Minimum 8-h fast;

b Following a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Table 2 Screening recommendations for type 2 diabetes in high-risk children and adolescents^1,2,35

When: age 10 or onset of puberty, whichever occurs first

Frequency: every 2 years

Preferred screening test: fasting plasma glucose

Presence ofany oneof the following

BMI^a >85% for age and gender

Weight for height >85%

Weight >150% of ideal weight for height

Presence ofany twoof the following risk factors

Family history of type 2 diabetes in first or second degree relative

Member/descendent of native American, African American, Hispanic

American, Asian, or South Pacific Islander ethnic groups

Signs of insulin resistance including acanthosis nigricans, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and polycystic ovarian syndrome

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.

American Diabetes AssociationDiagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitusDiabetes Care200831Suppl 1S55S6018165338

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

PettittDJNelsonRGSaadMFBennettPHKnowlerWCDiabetes and obesity in the offspring of Pima Indian women with diabetes during pregnancyDiabetes Care19931613103148422798

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

American Diabetes AssociationType 2 diabetes in children and adolescentsDiabetes Care200023338138910868870

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

AlbertiGZimmetPShawJBloomgardenZKaufmanFSilinkMType 2 diabetes in the young: the evolving epidemic – the international diabetes federation consensus workshopDiabetes Care20042771798181115220270

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

American Diabetes AssociationScreening for type 2 diabetesDiabetes Care200427Suppl 1S11S1414693922

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar