Anticonvulsant treatments of dysphoric mania: a trial of gabapentin, lamotrigine and carbamazepine in Iran

Figures & data

Table 1 Patient baseline characteristics in an 8-week, randomized, single-blind trial of carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and gabapentin for treatment of dysphoric mania

Gabapentin (N = 18)	Lamotrigine (N = 20)	Carbamazepine (N = 13)	Characteristic
28.94 ± 10.63	27.80 ± 7.65	28.92 ± 9.58	Age (years) (Mean ± SD)
9/9	11/9	8/5	Female/male
48.33 ± 8.48	37.80 ± 9.03	42.08 ± 8.63	Depression scores* (Mean ± SD)
26.11 ± 3.14	25.25 ± 3.78	24.85 ± 2.07	Mania score** (Mean ± SD)

Abbreviations: MMPI-2, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; N, number of patients who completed the study; SD, standard deviation.

Notes:

* Depression scores of depression subscale in MMPI-2 test;

** Mania score of hypomania subscale in MMPI-2 test.

Figure 1 Mean change of depression subscale of MMPI-2 test from the baseline to the endpoint in an 8-week, Randomized, Single-Blind Trial of Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine and Gabapentin for treatment of Dysphoric mania.

Abbreviations: MMPI-2, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; CBZ, carbamazepine; LTG, lamotrigine; GBP, gabapentin.

Figure 2 Mean change of mania subdimensions of hypomania subscale of MMPI-2 test from the baseline to the endpoint in an 8-week, Randomized, Single-Blind Trial of Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine and Gabapentin for treatment of Dysphoric mania.

Abbreviations: MMPI-2,Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; CBZ, carbamazepine; LTG, lamotrigine; GBP, gabapentin.

Table 2 Mean percentage change of depression and hypomania subscales of MMPI-2 test from the baseline to the endpoint in an 8-week, randomized, single-blind trial of carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and gabapentin for treatment of dysphoric mania

Change % (Mean percentage)		After therapy		Before therapy
Hypomania scores	Depression scores	Hypomania scores (Mean ± SD)	Depression scores (Mean ± SD)	Hypomania scores (Mean ± SD)	Depression scores (Mean ± SD)
74.98 ± 13.06	50.02 ± 11.48	6.50 ± 3.60	23.83 ± 5.66	26.11 ± 3.14	48.33 ± 8.48
64.69 ± 12.19	33.45 ± 15.44	8.75 ± 2.65	23.30 ± 4.74	25.25 ± 3.78	37.70 ± 9.03
58.80 ± 25.70	13.56 ± 15.64	9.85 ± 5.56	35.54 ± 5.50	24.77 ± 2.00	42.08 ± 8.62

Abbreviations: MMPI-2, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; SD, standard deviation.

Table 3 Between group differences in mean percentage change of depression and hypomania subscales of MMPI-2 test scores analyzed with ANOVA test

Measure	Mean square	F	Sig
Depression*	5025.88	24.85	0.00*
mania**	1062.73	7.38	0.03*

Abbreviations: ANOVA, Analysis of Variance; F, F ratio; MMPI-2, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; Sig, significance.

Notes:

* Depression scores of depression subscale in MMPI-2 test;

** Mania score of hypomania subscale in MMPI-2 test.

Table 4 Between group differences in mean change of depression and hypomania subscale of MMPI-2 test scores analyzed with ANOVA test

Measure	Mean square	F	Sig
D1 – Subjective Depression score	87.43	2.27	0.11
D2 – Psychomotor Retardation score	57.93	4.50	0.02*
D3 – Body Dysfunction score	81.40	16.13	0.00*
D4 – Mental Dullness score	88.37	6.77	0.003*
D5 – Brooding score	42.79	7.26	0.002*
Total Depression subscale score	1290.71	21.34	0.00*
M1 – Amorality score	0.243	0.08	0.92
M2 – Psychomotor Acceleration score	42.65	6.25	0.004*
M3 – Imperturbability score	0.164	0.05	0.95
M4 – Ego Inflation score	11.11	2.22	0.12
Hypomania subscale score	90.92	3.31	0.04*

Abbreviations: ANOVA, Analysis of Variance; F, F ratio; MMPI-2, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; Sig, significance.

Figure 3 Mean Percentage Improvement in the depression subdimensions of depression subscale in MMPI-2 test in an 8-week, Randomized, Single-Blind Trial of Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine and Gabapentin for treatment of Dysphoric mania.

Abbreviations: MMPI-2, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; CBZ, carbamazepine; LTG, lamotrigine; GBP, gabapentin; D1, Subjective Depression; D2, Psychomotor Retardation; D3, Body dysfunction; D4, Mental Dullness; D5, Brooding.

Table 5 Between group differences in baseline depression and hypomania subscales of MMPI-2 test scores analyzed with ANOVA test

Measure	Mean square	F	Sig
D1 – Subjective Depression score	52.65	1.16	0.323
D2 – Psychomotor Retardation score	7.83	0.85	0.433
D3 – Body dysfunction score	27.39	6.58	0.003*
D4 – Mental dullness score	31.86	4.86	0.02*
D5 – Brooding score	19.43	4.86	0.012*
Total Depression subscale score	528.02	6.92	0.002*
M1 – Amorality score	0.87	0.67	0.518
M2 – Psychomotor Acceleration score	21.34	5.77	0.006*
M3 – Imperturbability score	2.10	1.53	0.294
M4 – Ego Inflation score	0.34	0.14	0.869
Hypomania subscale score	7.34	0.72	0.491

Abbreviations: ANOVA, Analysis of Variance; F, F ratio; MMPI-2, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; Sig, significance.