Retinopathy among type 2 diabetic patients seen at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria: a preliminary report

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics by participation status

	Participants	Non-participants	p value
n	76	57	–
Male sex (%)	48.7	56.1	0.3
Mean age (years)	57.5(±10.4)	56.1(±14.3)	0.5
Mean duration (years)	8.6(±7.6)	8.1(±7.2)	0.7
Insulin therapy (%)	9.3	19.3	0.1
Mean serial plasma glucose (mg/dL)	207.4(±93.0)	189.2(±70.0)	0.2
Mean body mass index (kg/m^2)	25.99(±4.8)	25.85(±4.3)	0.9
Mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	137.2(±20.8)	135.2(±27.8)	0.7
Mean diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	82.8(±12.1)	82.0(±11.8)	0.7
Presence of albuminuria (%)	28.6	48.6	0.07
Mean estimated GFRa (mL/min)	82.2(±23.6)	79.6(±28.4)	0.6

a Abbreviation: GFR, Glomerular Filtration rate.

Table 2 Study factors by retinopathy status

	No retinopathy	Have retinopathy	p value
N	42	32
Mean age (years)	56.9(±10.8)	57.8(±9.8)	0.7
Mean duration (years)	6.6(±6.8)	11.1(±8.1)	0.01
Mean serial plasma glucose (mg/dL)	178.3(±83.9)	248.7(±88.7)	0.003
Mean body mass index (kg/m^2)	26.1(±4.5)	25.9(±5.2)	0.9
Mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	136.2(±18.3)	138.5(±23.9)	0.7
Mean diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	82.1(±10.4)	84.6(±14.0)	0.23
Mean estimated GFRa (mL/min)	86.4(±38.4)	76.8(±26.4)	0.32

a Abbreviation: GFR, Glomerular Filtration rate.

Table 3 Study factors by retinopathy status

	No retinopathy	Have retinopathy	p value
N	42	32
Age > 50 yrs	64.3%	74.2%	0.37
Female sex	50%	56.3%	0.6
Duration > 10 yrs	21.4%	53.1%	0.005
Insulin therapy	2.4%	18.8%	0.02
Mean serial plasma glucose > 200 mg/dl	27.0%	58.3%	0.014
Body mass index > 25 kg/m^2	59.5%	48.4%	0.4
Systolic blood pressure > 130 mmHg	51.3%	58.1%	0.6
Diastolic blood pressure > 80 mmHg	43.6%	61.3%	0.1
Presence of albuminuria	31.3%	20.0%	0.5
Estimated GFRa < 60 mL/min	43.8%	43.8%	0.95

a Abbreviation: GFR, Glomerular Filtration rate.