Is there a nonadherent subtype of hypertensive patient? A latent class analysis approach

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics

n	636
Age (mean ± SD)	61.25 ± 12.32 (range 25–92)
Gender, n (%)	420 female (66%)
Race	48.4% White, 49.0% African American
Baseline SBP, mmHg	125.0 ± 17.7
Baseline DBP, mmHg	71.3 ± 10.8
Current smokers, n (%)	130 (16.4%)
Adherence to dietary recommendations, n (%)	346 (55.1%)
Adherence to exercise recommendations, n (%)	252 (39.62%)
Adherence to medication, n (%)	371 (58.4%)
BP monitor use, n (%)	84 (13.2%)

Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation.

Figure 1 Conditional probabilities of being adherent to the five recommendations, given class membership.

Table 2 Fit statistics of the latent class analysis models

Classes	Log-likelihood	BIC	Bootstrappedpvalue from LRT fork-1 classes
1	−1823.97	3675.07
2	−1796.09	3663.19	P < 0.001
3	−1791.82	3692.38	P = 0.15

Abbreviations: BIC, Bayesian information criterion; LRT, likelihood ratio test.

Table 3 Conditional probabilities of class membership in the two-class mode

	Class 1: “More adherent”	Class 2: “Less adherent”
Takes medications as prescribed	0.755	0.495
Does not have difficulty adhering to dietary recommendations	0.707	0.469
Exercises at least 30 min/day, most days/week	0.634	0.272
Does not currently smoke cigarettes	0.977	0.763
Uses home blood pressure monitor	0.320	0.034

Table 4 Odds ratio of being a member of the “more adherent” class

Variable	OR	95% CI
Age (per 10-year increase)	1.16	0.97–1.40
Race (White versus Non-White)	1.34	0.86–2.12
Married (married versus unmarried)	1.31	0.80–2.06
Gender (female versus male)	0.77	0.48–1.24
Education (high school versus no high school)	1.12	0.97–1.30
SBP (per 5 mmHg increase)	1.04	0.98–1.11
DBP (per 5 mmHg increase)	0.96	0.87–1.07
SBP control	0.84	0.51–1.40
DBP control	0.77	0.48–1.23
SF-12 Physical Component Summary Score (per 10-point increase)	1.30*	1.06–1.59
SF-12 Mental Component Summary Score (per 10-point increase)	1.24*	1.01–1.53
Number of cohabitants	0.88	0.73–1.05
Instrumental support	1.11	0.45–2.73
Amount of contact with social support	1.05	0.70–1.58
Perceived stress	0.89	0.72–1.09
Employment status	0.79*	0.64–0.96
Financial situation	0.77*	0.62–0.96
Perceived seriousness of hypertension	0.88	0.59–1.33
Worry about hypertension	0.96	0.88–1.06
Availability of leisure time	1.06	0.91–1.24

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.

* p < 0.05.