Candesartan cilexetil in the treatment of chronic heart failure

Figures & data

Figure 1 Diagram of the CHARM programme and its main results.

Abbreviations: CV, cardiovascular; FU, follow-up; HF, heart failure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NS, non-significant.

Table 1 Effects of candesartan during chronic heart failure

Clinical effects – ↓ blood pressure – ↓ new diabetes cases – ↓ atrial fibrillation – ↓ myocardial infarctions – ↓ CV death and hospitalizations for HF if LVEF ≤ 40% – ↓ hospitalizations for HF if LVEF > 40% – ↑ quality of life

Biological/Structural effects – ↓ neurohormonal activity (RAAS, BNP) – Improved blood sugar levels – ↓ systemic inflammation (hsCRP) – Improved LV remodeling, ↑ LVEF

Abbreviations: BNP, b-type natriuretic peptide; CV, cardiovascular; HF, heart failure; hsCRP, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.