Assessment of risk and prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in medically ill patients during their early days of hospital stay at a tertiary care center in a developing country

Figures & data

Figure 1 Score card used for effective DVT risk stratification of the subjects.

Abbreviations: CHF, chronic heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; HRT, hormone replacement therapy; IBD, irritable bowel disease; OCP, oral contraceptive pill.

Table 1 Signs and symptoms of DVT and PE that were looked for in the subject patients

Signs and symptoms of DVT Pain or tenderness in the leg Swelling of the leg or along a vein in the leg Red or discolored skin on the leg Increased warmth in the area of the leg that’s swollen or is in pain

Signs and symptoms of PE Unexplained shortness of breath Pain with deep breathing Coughing up blood Rapid breathing and fast heart rate

Abbreviations: DVT, deep vein thrombosis; PE, pulmonary embolism.

Table 2 Demographic details of the patients

Total no. of patients	117
No. of ward patients	68 (58.11%)
No. of ICU patients	49 (41.89%)
No. of males	72 (61.5%)
No. of females	45 (38.5%)
Mean age	43.7 ± 19.46
Mean weight	53.6 ± 23.42

Abbreviation: ICU, intensive care unit.

Table 3 Baseline clinical characteristics of the patients

Baseline characteristics	No. of subjects (%)
Primary etiology
• Respiratory	49 (41.8%)
• Sepsis, septicemia, and other infectious disease	30 (25.6%)
• Cardiovascular	20 (17.1%)
• Diabetes	20 (17.1%)
• Cancer	8 (6.8%)
• Others	17 (14.5%)
Invasive instrumentations	66 (56.4%)
Mean heart rate	98 ± 18
Mean systolic blood pressure	123.3 ± 17.6 mmHg
Mean diastolic blood pressure	78.8 ± 12.2 mmHg
Sensorium
Conscious	71 (60.7%)
Unconscious	36 (30.8%)
Altered sensorium	10 (8.5%)

* Notes: More than one system involvement was seen in many patients.

Table 4 Risk categorization of the patients of DVT risk during their initial visit

	Ward (n =68)	ICU (n =49)
No risk	6 (8.8%)	0 (0%)
Low risk	6 (8.8%)	0 (0%)
Moderate risk	8 (11.7%)	0 (0%)
High risk	9 (13.2%)	0 (0%)
Highest risk	39 (57.5%)	49 (100%)

Abbreviations: DVT, deep vein thrombosis; ICU, intensive care unit.