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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

What is a biomarker? Research investments and lack of clinical integration necessitate a review of biomarker terminology and validation schema

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Pages 6-14 | Published online: 01 Jun 2010

Figures & data

Figure 1. Number of NIH grants from 1986 to 2009 which containing the term(s) “biomarker” or “biomarker and discovery”, as derived from the NIH RePORT database.

Figure 1. Number of NIH grants from 1986 to 2009 which containing the term(s) “biomarker” or “biomarker and discovery”, as derived from the NIH RePORT database.

Figure 2. Summary of the combined 2008 and 2009 funding (in millions of US $) for grants containing the term “biomarker” as provided by the various Institutes and Centers within NIH, as derived from the NIH RePORT database.

Figure 2. Summary of the combined 2008 and 2009 funding (in millions of US $) for grants containing the term “biomarker” as provided by the various Institutes and Centers within NIH, as derived from the NIH RePORT database.

Figure 3. Summary of the number (a) and funding (b) of NIH funded grants from 2008-2009 for awards containing the term(s) “biomarker”, “biomarker and proteomics”, “biomarker and genomics” or “biomarker and metabolomics”, as derived from the NIH RePORT database.

Figure 3. Summary of the number (a) and funding (b) of NIH funded grants from 2008-2009 for awards containing the term(s) “biomarker”, “biomarker and proteomics”, “biomarker and genomics” or “biomarker and metabolomics”, as derived from the NIH RePORT database.

Figure 4. Comparison of the number NIH grants and scholarly publications containing the term “biomarker” from 1990-2009. Levels were derived from NIH RePORT and PubMed term searches respectively.

Figure 4. Comparison of the number NIH grants and scholarly publications containing the term “biomarker” from 1990-2009. Levels were derived from NIH RePORT and PubMed term searches respectively.

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