Dietary reference intervals for Vitamin D

Figures & data

Figure 1. Dietary reference intervals for vitamin D, assuming the requirement has a normal distribution. LRNI, lower reference nutrient intake; EAR, estimated average requirement; RNI, lower reference nutrient intake; RDA, recommended dietary allowance. Modified from (6).

Table I. Dietary reference intervals for vitamin D (amounts in μg/d).

Age group	UK RNI [2]^†	EC PRI [3]	North American [1]
			EAR	RDA	UL
0–6 months	8.5	10–25	–	10^‡	25
7–12 months	7^§	10–25	–	10^‡	37.5
1–3 years	7^§	10	10	15	62.5
4–6 years	0*^§ (to 5 y)	0–10	10	15	75
7–8 years	0*	0–10	10	15	75
9–10 years	0*	0–10	10	15	100
11–17 years	0*	0–15	10	15	100
18–64 years	0*	0–10	10	15	100
65 + years	10^§	10	10	15 (20 for 70 + years)	100
Pregnancy	10^§	10	10	15	100
Lactation	10^§	10	10	15	100

RNI, reference nutrient intake; PRI, population reference intake; RDA, recommended dietary allowance; EAR, estimated average requirement; UL, tolerable upper intake level.

To convert vitamin D intakes from μg/d to IU/d, multiply by 40.

*Certain at-risk individuals or groups may require dietary vitamin D supplement.

^†May require supplementation of the diet.

^‡Set as Adequate Intake.

^§The Chief Medical Officers of the four UK Departments of Health suggest that these ‘at risk’ groups should take a daily vitamin D supplement [20].

Department of Health. Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. London, United Kingdom: Her Majesty's Stationery Office (Report on Health and Social Subjects; 41, 1991.

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Institute of Medicine Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2011.

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Chief Medical Officers of the UK. Vitamin D – advice on supplements for at risk groups. 2012. http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Lettersandcirculars/Dearcolleagueletters/DH_132509.

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