1,127
Views
33
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Cognitive decrements do not follow neuromuscular alterations during passive heat exposure

, , , &
Pages 10-19 | Received 26 Apr 2010, Accepted 25 Aug 2010, Published online: 11 Nov 2010

Figures & data

Figure 1. Core, chest and hand temperatures during a trial (left panel) in neutral (CON, dashed line) and hot (HOT, plain line) environments as well as during the cognitive testing of the different sessions (T1, T2, T3, T4) in hot condition (right panel). Values in Mean ± SEM. *Significant differences between conditions; $significant increase during the cognitive testing, p < 0.05.

Figure 1. Core, chest and hand temperatures during a trial (left panel) in neutral (CON, dashed line) and hot (HOT, plain line) environments as well as during the cognitive testing of the different sessions (T1, T2, T3, T4) in hot condition (right panel). Values in Mean ± SEM. *Significant differences between conditions; $significant increase during the cognitive testing, p < 0.05.

Figure 2. Number of problems solved on the first choice during the OTS (One Touch Stockings of Cambridge). Data in neutral control (CON, white bars) and hot (HOT, black bars) environments for two different levels of difficulty (OTS-4, top graph; OTS-6, bottom graph), at 4 different sessions (T1, T2, T3, T4). Values in Mean ± SEM. *Significant differences between conditions, p < 0.05.

Figure 2. Number of problems solved on the first choice during the OTS (One Touch Stockings of Cambridge). Data in neutral control (CON, white bars) and hot (HOT, black bars) environments for two different levels of difficulty (OTS-4, top graph; OTS-6, bottom graph), at 4 different sessions (T1, T2, T3, T4). Values in Mean ± SEM. *Significant differences between conditions, p < 0.05.

Figure 3. Neuromuscular responses in neutral (CON, dashed line) and hot (HOT, plain line) environments at 4 different sessions (T1, T2, T3, T4). Maximal voluntary force displayed an interaction effect with significantly lower values in HOT than CON in T2, T3 and T4. Normalised (RMS/M) muscle electrical activity was globally lower in HOT than CON. The amplitude of the motor-evoked potential normalised by the amplitude of M-wave (MEP/M) displayed an interaction effect with significantly lower values in HOT than CON in T3 and T4. Values in Mean ± SEM. *Significant differences between conditions, p < 0.05.

Figure 3. Neuromuscular responses in neutral (CON, dashed line) and hot (HOT, plain line) environments at 4 different sessions (T1, T2, T3, T4). Maximal voluntary force displayed an interaction effect with significantly lower values in HOT than CON in T2, T3 and T4. Normalised (RMS/M) muscle electrical activity was globally lower in HOT than CON. The amplitude of the motor-evoked potential normalised by the amplitude of M-wave (MEP/M) displayed an interaction effect with significantly lower values in HOT than CON in T3 and T4. Values in Mean ± SEM. *Significant differences between conditions, p < 0.05.

Figure 4. Example of motor evoked potential (MEP) by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for one subject. Curves represent the average of 3 MEP recorded during the fourth test session (T4) in neutral (plain line) and hot (dashed line) environment.

Figure 4. Example of motor evoked potential (MEP) by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for one subject. Curves represent the average of 3 MEP recorded during the fourth test session (T4) in neutral (plain line) and hot (dashed line) environment.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.