Figures & data
Figure 1. Different mechanisms of immune activation induced by locally heating tumours. (A) Heated tumour cells increase the surface expression of MICA, a NKG2D ligand, and MHC class I, making the tumour cells more sensitive to lysis by NK cells and CD8+ T cells, respectively. (B) Heated tumour cells release HSPs, which activate NK cells and APCs. HSPs contain potential tumour antigens, and APCs take up the HSP-antigen complex and cross present the antigen to CD8+ T cells. (C) Heated tumour cells release exosomes. Exosomes also contain potential tumour antigens, and APCs take up the antigen and cross present the antigen to CD8+ T cells. (D) Immune cells, such as NK cells, CD8+ T cells and DCs, in the tumour also get heated and become activated. (E) The tumour vasculature becomes more permeable and may have increased adhesion molecule expression after heating, which may facilitate better trafficking of immune cells between the tumour and dLN.
