Figures & data
Figure 3. Relationship between transmission coefficient and the length of the multi-section tube at 0.5 MHz (S12 = m × 1, with m = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 5.4/2.4 indicated in blue, purple, red, green, grey, and black, respectively).
![Figure 3. Relationship between transmission coefficient and the length of the multi-section tube at 0.5 MHz (S12 = m × 1, with m = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 5.4/2.4 indicated in blue, purple, red, green, grey, and black, respectively).](/cms/asset/5a45468a-ae9b-40fb-b276-9db7f330f65a/ihyt_a_1028483_f0003_c.jpg)
Figure 4. Relationship between transmission coefficient and frequency (S12 = m × 1, with m = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 5.4/2.4 indicated in blue, purple, red, green, grey, and black, respectively).
![Figure 4. Relationship between transmission coefficient and frequency (S12 = m × 1, with m = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 5.4/2.4 indicated in blue, purple, red, green, grey, and black, respectively).](/cms/asset/045cb821-2f22-46ce-9750-e8c259fc7894/ihyt_a_1028483_f0004_c.jpg)
Figure 5. Sound field distribution of a bilateral expansion tube for (a) , (b)
and (c)
(x in m, y in Pa).
![Figure 5. Sound field distribution of a bilateral expansion tube for (a) S12=53, (b) S12=73 and (c) S12=93=3 (x in m, y in Pa).](/cms/asset/0dfe4b12-5b71-4066-a379-3caf4423b930/ihyt_a_1028483_f0005_c.jpg)
Figure 13. Sound intensity distribution for a unilateral side resonance structure in the upstream region of the tube.
![Figure 13. Sound intensity distribution for a unilateral side resonance structure in the upstream region of the tube.](/cms/asset/b900c5fd-f2df-483a-afdd-69995c102d33/ihyt_a_1028483_f0013_c.jpg)
Figure 14. Sound intensity distribution for a unilateral side resonance structure in the downstream region of the tube.
![Figure 14. Sound intensity distribution for a unilateral side resonance structure in the downstream region of the tube.](/cms/asset/ebad9040-ef61-42e4-b20c-276c907869f1/ihyt_a_1028483_f0014_c.jpg)
Table 1. Elasticity matrix (ordering: x, y, z, yz, xz, xy), in Pa.
Table 2. Coupling matrix, in C/m2.
Table 3. Relative permittivity.
Table 4. Media parameters along the sound propagation path.
Figure 19. Sound intensity simulation in the absence of protection (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 19. Sound intensity simulation in the absence of protection (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/ca1fec9f-6694-499a-adaa-85c7551c5134/ihyt_a_1028483_f0019_c.jpg)
Figure 20. Temperature distribution in the absence of protection after a 0.1-s ablation (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 20. Temperature distribution in the absence of protection after a 0.1-s ablation (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/edfb7fa5-52e3-42ca-a791-2666e99dcf6f/ihyt_a_1028483_f0020_c.jpg)
Figure 22. Sound field simulation in the presence of the expansion muffler structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 22. Sound field simulation in the presence of the expansion muffler structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/6dde2c07-4dee-4ef0-83c5-33b6f1f9fb15/ihyt_a_1028483_f0022_c.jpg)
Figure 23. Sound intensity simulation in the presence of the expansion muffler structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 23. Sound intensity simulation in the presence of the expansion muffler structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/3a2c38f0-6539-4396-ab78-41cb54a6cbd5/ihyt_a_1028483_f0023_c.jpg)
Table 5. Thermal characteristics of various materials.
Table 6. Arterial blood temperature and perfusion rate.
Figure 24. Ablation temperature distribution in the presence of the expansion muffler structure after a 0.1-s ablation (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 24. Ablation temperature distribution in the presence of the expansion muffler structure after a 0.1-s ablation (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/6928432c-a554-4d5b-8dc5-8c9879457299/ihyt_a_1028483_f0024_c.jpg)
Table 7. Temperatures of rib and tumour after a 0.02-s ablation.
Figure 26. Sound field simulation in the presence of the resonator structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 26. Sound field simulation in the presence of the resonator structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/3ed21037-1833-4638-b3a5-b5801f56d336/ihyt_a_1028483_f0026_c.jpg)
Figure 27. Close-up view of the pressure distribution around a single rib and resonator structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 27. Close-up view of the pressure distribution around a single rib and resonator structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/a7ccafc5-5b61-4055-8440-b8203a3fd1ca/ihyt_a_1028483_f0027_c.jpg)
Figure 28. Sound intensity simulation in the presence of the resonator structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 28. Sound intensity simulation in the presence of the resonator structure (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/e9c3daa3-3802-4c5a-b0e4-d34a730052f8/ihyt_a_1028483_f0028_c.jpg)
Figure 29. Temperature distribution in the presence of the resonator structure after a 0.1-s ablation (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).
![Figure 29. Temperature distribution in the presence of the resonator structure after a 0.1-s ablation (x axis is in mm, y axis is in Pa).](/cms/asset/05f3dc2d-95d0-42c2-8d76-67c2e7896f92/ihyt_a_1028483_f0029_c.jpg)
Figure 31. Experimental setup for HIFU rib sparing tests (DAQ: Data Acquisition, PC: Personal Computer).
![Figure 31. Experimental setup for HIFU rib sparing tests (DAQ: Data Acquisition, PC: Personal Computer).](/cms/asset/1069952d-f9a1-4ccb-8838-8a12c00f2be0/ihyt_a_1028483_f0031_c.jpg)